???????:??????“?????”????????

????:???????:???????

???11?????????23???? ??????:???????????????“?????”??

????????????????????

?????????? ???? ????????????? ???

“?????????????????”??11??18???????20?????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)??????????????“????”???????????????????????????????????,???????????????,“???”???????,????,????????????????,????“???”,????????????????????????,??????

??:

??????????:???

????????????????????:20???????????????70??????????,?????????????,?????????,??????????????,?????????????????,?,?????“??”?

???????(Thomas Berry),????“???”??“?”??????????,??????(William Theodore de Bary)???????????????,??????(Carlton Hayes)???????

2024?????11??20?,“?????????”???????????????????????(??????????)????????????? ????? ????

??:?“??”?????????????,?????????????????????

???????????:????????“????”“??????????”“?????????”??????????????????????,“?????????????”????????????????????????,??“?????????,??????????;?????????,?????????????????”,????“?”???

“?????????????????????”?,??“?”,????????“???????”?????????????????,?,?????,?????????????????????????,??????????“??????”???“??????”??????“?????????????”?????????????????,?,????????????????“???????????”??????????????

??????,???????,???????? ???? ???????????????

?:??“???????”“???????????”“????”?????????????,?????

?????????????:?,???????????????“????????”,????????“??”,????????????????“???”?“??”???

????????????,?????,?????,?????,?“??????”??????????,?,?????,?????????????????

???:???????????

?????????????????????????????:???,??,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????……?????,??“???????”?????

70?«??»???????,??,???“???????????”???????????????«????»,???????,??????????,???????????,?????????????????????????,???,???????????,??

???????:?????????

???????????????????????????????:??,???????????????????,?????,????????????????????,???????????,????,??????,???,?????????,???????

???????????????,??????,????????????????????????“????”????,???????“????”??????????,??????????????????????????,????,????????

2016?,?????????????????????????,?112????? ???? ??????????

??????????????????????????,???,?????“??”?????????????????????,???,???????,????????????????,????????????“??????????????????”,????????(?????????????????????)

??:

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?? ??????????????

????????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),???????????,?????????1997???,????????????????«????»«???»????«??»?

??????:???????????