????:1?????????:??ktv????????

2???????????

3???????

4??????????????

5?????????

????,???????

2024 ????,??????????????,??????«??»(?????????????????“??”)?,?????????,??????????? 3 ??????,?,??? 7.86%,???

??????????,2018 ????????????????? OECD(????)??????????? 3 ?????? 33.8%?????????,??????????,??“??????”?????????????,??????

???????????,???????“????”?????????????,???????????

???????????,??????????????2025???,???“????????”????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????

???????,?????????????????????????????? 6 ?-3 ?????,?????????? 6 ?;???????????????????????????????????;????????????

???2024 ?????????????????????? 11 ??????????,?????????? 20 ????«????????????»??,??????????????,????????????????????

????3???????????????

?????????????,???????????3???????

??????????,2018????,??????????3??????,?????????????????????????????,???????2?????????????????????92.1%?????,2??56.5%,1???33.2%?

???????????????????,???“??”,?????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????,2018????????????????OECD ??3????? 33.8%?????????,2024????????,???????3????????????????7.86%?

???????????????????????,?????????,????????????????????????????

«2019??????»(?“2019????????”)??????????????????????6??????15-49 ???????,???????????????????27.6%????????????????? 2016 ?????????????????,?????????????? 1/3 ??2024?,??,???????????????3???????

????????????,?????

“??,???”

???????,???Papi?????,???1??????3????????????????,????“????”“????????,??????????????????????????”???????????????

??????2019???????,???????????????????????

????????????,???????,??????????????????????,?????,???,?????????????

?,?,????????????????????????2019 ??????????????,??????????????,?????????????????

??????????????????,????????????2017?????????????????(???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)????????????0-3 ??????????(????“???”??????????????)???????,???????????,???12%???

??,???????2019??????,?,?0-3????,?????2.2%?????????????

?????,???,????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????

??2024?????????????????????????????????,2023????????????,??89.5%,??????(???????????????)?????????????????1978??????,????????????5500????????????????????????????????????,?????????,???????????????,2023???????46.7%?

“(??????????)??,?????????????????,”????????????????,????????????,?????????????1????????????2?????????,?????

??2024??????????12?,??0??????????????1?????,??1-2??1:3,?????????2-3???????1:4?

???????,??????????????????,????????????,??,?????????????

?????????????,???????????????????,???2????,????,????,????????????,????????????????,???????

????

??,?????,???????????????????

2022???CFPS??,10??,??????????????,?????????????????

??,???????????2012??2022??????????????,?3????????????????????6%????????,???

?????????????,????????????????????????,2022?3?????????58.7%?

??,???????????????????,?????????????

??:?????,??????

???????????2019?????????,???????,?3???????????“?????”?

????,?????????,???

??,??????,????????????????,????????????????????????

?????????????20??50?????70?????????,?????????????,????????????????,1954???????,?????????????????????????????????4003????,2670??,???,??????????

???,1950????????????,?????????????????????,???????

???????,?????????????????????,1960??????????70%,???

??,???????????????????,1963????????????????2975??????

?????,?????????????,1984????

“????????”???????1955???,???????????????,???????????,????????????????????,??,????????????????

?????????????,??,????????????????,????????????,??????????????75%~85%,???????90%?

??????,?20???????90??????

???? 20?????????????????????90?????????????????,?????????,?????????????????,?????????????????????

??????????,?,1981?,??????20?????????????,????????????????562?????,?????????????????10.5???????????????????2022?????????????????????????,????????????????????????30???,????1414?????????????????????????????

????????21???????????,????????? ???,??????????????????,???????????????????????

??,?????????????????????????????,????????????

??????????????????2015?,?“?????????”??????,?????????????????2022?????????,?? ,??,?????

??,?“????????????????????????”?????????????,??????“?????”?,???????????????????????,2021???????????,???????????????????“??”,??????????????????????300??????? ?????100?????,??300????????

?????????????,?,??“??????”“??????????????”??????????????“???????????????”?????????????,?????????

??????,?????????????,?????????,???,????,????,??????,????????????????

?????????????«???????»????????,?????20????????????????????????,??,???????,??,????????“????????????????”????,?????????????:“??,?”?(??????????? ??????????? ????????????????????????? ? ??????????????????) ???:????????????????????????????????????