?????????????3??????

??????????????????????,????????????

2024 ??????????,?????????,?????????«?????????????????????????»(?“?????????????”)????????,?,?????? 3 ??????????,????????????????????,???????? 7.86%,??????????????

??????,2018 ???? OECD(?)?? 3 ???????? 33.8%?????,????????????,???????????“??”??????????,??

???,????“??????????????”????????????????,??????????????????

???????,????????????????????2025????,?????“???”???????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????

???,???????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ?????????????-3 ??????,??????????? 6 ??????;???????????????????????????;???????????

??????2024 ?? 11 ??????????????????????,?? 20 ??????????????«?????????????????????»??,?????????????????,???????????????

???????????3????

????????????,????????????3???????

??????????,2018???????,?????3??????????????,?????????????????????????,??2??????????92.1%???,2?????????56.5%,1??????????????33.2%?

????????,?????????“???????????????????”,?????????????????????

??????????,2018????????????????OECD ??????????????3??? 33.8%???????????,2024??,???3?????7.86%?

???,???????????,????????????????

«2019??????»(???????????????“2019??”)??????????????6?15-49 ?????????,??27.6%??????????? 2016 ?????????????????????????????????,??????? 1/3 ??????2024???????,??????????,???3?????????????

????,??

“????????????????????????,???”

????,??????Papi????,????1??????????????????3??,?“???????”“???,???”???

????2019???????,??????????????????

????,??,?????,?????,?????????????,?????

??,??,?????????2019 ??,????????????????????????????,???????????????

??,??????????????2017??????(??????????????????????????????????????????)?????????????????????0-3 ????(?????????????????“??”????????????????????????)?,?????????????????,????12%???

???????????????????????,??2019?,??,??????0-3??????????,????????????2.2%????????????????????

?????????,??????????,??????????????????,????????????,??????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????2024????????????????,2023??,???????????????????89.5%,????????????????(??)?1978???????,????????5500????????????????,??????????,?????,2023???46.7%?

“(????)????????????????,??????????,”?????????????????????????,?,???????1????????????2???????,?????????????

??2024?????????????????????????12?????,?0??????????????1?????????????,????????1-2??????????????????1:3,??2-3?????1:4?

?????????????????,???,???,?????????,????

???????????,????????,?????????????????2?????????????,?????????????????????,??,??????,????????????????????,????????

????

?,????,???????

2022??CFPS??????,10???????,?????????????????,????????

????????????,?2012?2022?????????????,???3???????????????6%????????????,???

??,???????????????????????,2022??????3????????????58.7%?

????????????????????????,??????,?????????

?????????????:?????????????,?????

?????????????2019????????,????????????,?????????????????????????????????3??????????“???????????”?

????,???,?????????????

??,??,?????????????????????????,????????????

???20???????????????50?????????70?????,?,???????????????????????,1954?????????????,??????????????????????????????4003???????,2670?????????????????,??????,??????????

??????,1950???????????,??????????,????

????????????????,???????????,1960??70%,????????

??????,???????,1963?????2975???????????????

?????????????,??????????????,1984?????

“????????????????”?????????????1955???????????????????,?,???????????,????????????????,??????,??????????????????????????

????????????,?????????????????,???????,??,?????????????????75%~85%,??????????????????????????90%?

??????????????????????,??????????20??90????????????????

?????? 20??90??????,?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????

?????,???????????????????,1981????????????????????,???????20?,?????562??????????,????????10.5??????????????????2022?,??????????????30?,??1414???

??????21?????????????,?????????????? ????,?????????????,?????????

??????????,?????????,???????

???????2015?????,??“????????????????”?????,??????????????????????2022???,???????????? ,?????????????,?????????????

??,???????????“??”??,????“????????”??,????????????????????????????????????????,2021?????????,?????“??”,????????300??????????????? ?100?????,??????????300??

??,??????,????????????????“?????”“???????????????”?????????????????“?”?????,??????????

???????????,?????,???????,?????,???????????,?,??,?????????

?«???»??????????????,??????????????20????????????????????????????????,??,????????????????,????????????,??????“??????????????”?????????????????,??????????????????????????:“?????,?????????????????”?(???????? ?? ??? ????????????? ??) ??????????????????????:????????????????????????????????????