?????????????3??????

????:????:?????

???????,?????????

2024 ?,?????????,????????????«???»(????????????“??”)?????????????????,?????????????????,????????? 3 ????,??????????,??????????? 7.86%,??

????????????,2018 ??????????? OECD(???????)??? 3 ? 33.8%???,???????,??????“?????????????????????????????????”???,??

?????,??“?????????????”?,?????????

??,????????2025???,?????????????“?????”??????????????????????????,?????????????????????????

????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??????????-3 ??,????????????? 6 ??????????????;??????????????????????????????;???????????????

??2024 ????????????????????????????? 11 ?????????,????? 20 ?????????«????»???????,??,??????????????

???3??

???,??????3??

?????,2018?????????????????,??3???,?????????????,??2??????????????????????????92.1%??,2????56.5%,1???????33.2%?

??,???????“???”,???????????????

????????,2018??OECD ??3?????????? 33.8%????????,2024????,?3???7.86%?

??????????????,???????,?????

«2019???»(??????????“2019???????”)????????6??15-49 ???????????????????,??????????????27.6%???????? 2016 ?,?????? 1/3 ?????????????2024??????????,?????????????????,????????????3???

????????????????????????,??????????????

“??,????”

?????????????,?Papi??????,??????1??????3?????????????,?????????????“??????????????????”“?????????????,???”?????????????????????????????

???2019?,????????????????????????????????

???????,??????????????,????????????????????????,???????????????,??????????,?????

???????????????????????????,???????????,??????????????????2019 ????,?????????????,???

????,???????2017??????????????????(????????????????????????)????0-3 ??????(???????????????“????????????????”????????)?????,??,????????????12%???????

???????????????,??????????????2019???????,???,??0-3??,???????2.2%????????

????????????????,?,????????????????????????,?????????????????,????????????????????????????

???????2024???????,2023??,???89.5%,?????(??????)??1978??,??????5500????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,?????,2023??46.7%?

“(???????????)??????????,????,”??????????,???????????,????1??2?????,?????

?????????????????2024????????12??,?????????????0???????????1?????????????????????,??????????????????1-2??????????????1:3,??????2-3??????????1:4?

????????????????????????????,??????????????????,??,??,??????????????????????

????????,??????????????,???????2??????????,??????????????????,???????,????,???????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????

??

??????????????,???????????????????????,?????????????????

2022???CFPS???????????,10????,??,??

??,?????????2012?????????2022??????????????,?3????????????????????6%???,???????????????????????????????

????,??????????????,2022??3??????????58.7%?

????????????,??????,????

????????????????????????:???????????????,???

?????????2019??????,??,???????????3??????????“????????????”?

???????????,???????????????????,????????????????????

?????????????????????,????????,???????????????????,???

???20????????????50?????????????70??????,??????????????,???????????????,1954??????????,???????????????????????????????????????4003??,2670?????????,??,????

?????????,1950?????????,???????????????,????????????

?????,??????????????????,1960??????70%,???

?????????????????????,???????????????????????,1963?????????2975???????

??????,?????,1984?????????????

“??????”????????1955????????????????,??,???????????????????,???????????,???????,?????????????????????????????

????????,???????,????,?????????????,???????????75%~85%,????90%?

????????,??????20??90?????????????????

?????????? 20????90?????????????,?????????,??????????????????????????????????,???

????,????????????,1981?????,??????????????20???,??????562?,???????????????????10.5????????????????????????????????2022??????,?????????30?????????????,?????????1414??????

?21????????????,?????????? ?????????????????????????,?????????????????,???????????????????

?,??,?????

???????????????2015??????,?????????????“?????”?????????,???????????????????????????????2022?,????????????? ,???,???????????????????????

??,??“?????????????”????,???????????????????“??”??,?????????????????????????????????????????????,2021???,?“?????????????”,?300???????????? ?100????????????????????,?????300?????????

???,??????????????,??????“??”“??”???????????“??????”???,??????

?,???????????????????,?????????????,??????????,??????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????,??,?????

???????«???????????»??????,??????????????20????????,?,??????,??????????????,???????????“????????????????????????????????????????????????????”????,???????????????????????????????:“?????,?????”?(???????? ????? ?? ???????????????? ?????????) ???????????:??????????????