????:1?????vx:????????

2?????????????

3?51?????

4?????????

5???????????

??,???????????????????

2024 ????,??????????????,????????«???»(???“???????”)?????????????????????????,???,??????????????????? 3 ????????,?????????????????,?????????? 7.86%,??????????????????????

?????????????,2018 ? OECD(?????)?????? 3 ????? 33.8%???????,????,??“?????”?????????,?????

??,??????“?”???????,????????????????????????????

?,?????????????????????????????????2025??,?“????”????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????

?,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??-3 ??????????????,??? 6 ???????;????????????????????????;???????????

?????????????????2024 ? 11 ???????,??????????? 20 ??«?????????????????????????»?????????????,?,???

????3??????

?????,??3???????

??????????,2018??????,???????3???,?????????????,??2?????????92.1%?????????????????,2??????????????????????56.5%,1?33.2%?

???????,?????“????”,?????????????????

???????,2018????????????OECD ??3? 33.8%?????????????,2024?,??????????????3?????????7.86%?

??????????????????????,???????????????????????,???????????

«2019??»(???????????“2019???????”)?????6????????????15-49 ??????,?27.6%????????????????????? 2016 ??,???? 1/3 ??????????????2024????????????????,?????,??3??????

?????????????,???

“?????????????,??”

????????????,???????????????Papi??,????????1???3????????,???“?????????”“????????????????????,??”???

???????2019??,???????????????????

?????????,??????????????,?????????????????????????????????,????????????,?,????

??????????,???,????????????????????????????????????????????2019 ?????????????????,????,?????

??????????,??????2017???????(??????????????????????????????)??0-3 ?????????????(?????????“??????????”?????????????)??,?,??????12%??

??????,?????????2019?,??????????????????,???????????0-3??????,?????????2.2%???

??,?,???????????????????????,?????,?????????????????????

??????????????2024??,2023?????????,????????????89.5%,???????(????)??????1978??,?????????????5500??????????????????,????????????,???????,2023??46.7%?

“(???)????,??,”???,???,??????????1??????????????2?????????,???

??2024?????????12???????????????????,??0????1?????????????????????,????????????????????1-2???????1:3,?2-3???????????1:4?

?????????????????,???,???????,?????????????????????,????????????

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??

??????,??????????,????

2022??CFPS???????,10????????,???,?????????????????

????,???2012?????????????????????2022????????,???????????????3???????????6%???????????????,??????????????

?????????????????,????????????????,2022?????????????3???????????58.7%?

??????,???????????????,?????????

????????:???,???????????????

??????????????2019??????????????,??,???????????????????????????????????3??????????“???”?

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???20?????????????????????50??70???,?,??????????????,1954????????????????,????????????????????4003?????,2670????????????,????,????????????????????

??????????????????,1950????,???,???????

????????,??????????????,1960?70%,???

????????,??????????????????????????????,1963???????2975?????????????????????????

???????,?,1984?????

“??????????”??????????????1955????????????,???????????,???,?????????????,?????????????????,??????????

?,???????????,????????,????????????,??75%~85%,????90%?

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????????????????????????????????? 20????90????,??????????????????????????????????????,???????,???????????????

?????????,?????,1981??,???????20??????,???????????????????562??????,??????????10.5?????????????????????2022?????????????????,???30????????,??????1414???????????

??????????21????????,?? ????????????,??,??????????????????????????????

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????2015??,????????????????“??”?????,????????????????????????????2022???????????,?? ,?,??????????????????????????

???????????????????,?????????????????“??????”??,?????????????????“????”?????,????????????????????????,2021????????????????????????,???“??????????????????????????????”,?????????300?????????????????? ???100??????,??????????300???

?????????,???????????,?“???????????????”“??????????????????”??????????????????“??”???????????????,?????????????????????

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