?????????????3??????

??,????

2024 ???????????,?????,???????«??»(??“??????”)???????,?????????????,??????????????????? 3 ?????,???,?????? 7.86%,?????

??????????????????????????????,2018 ???? OECD(???????)??? 3 ?????????? 33.8%?????????????????,???,?“???????”????????????,???

????????????????,??????????????“?????”?????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????????????????????,???2025????????????,??“???????????????”????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????

???,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??-3 ?????????????,?? 6 ?????????????;????????????????????;?????????????????

??????2024 ? 11 ???,??????????? 20 ???????????«?????»??????????????,????,???

?3????

????????,?????????3??????????????????????

??????????????,2018?????????????,?????????????????????????????3??,???????????????????,??????2??92.1%???????????,2????????????????56.5%,1??33.2%?

??????,????“??????”,????????

?????????????,2018??????????OECD ???????????????????3????????????? 33.8%??????,2024????,???????3?????7.86%?

???,????,?????????????

«2019???»(????????“2019??????”)???????????6??15-49 ??,??27.6%???????????? 2016 ?????????????????????????,??????????? 1/3 ????????????????????????2024????????????????,??,?????3????

?????,???????

“??????????????????????,???”

????????????,??????Papi??????????,?????1???????????????????????????????????3????????????????????????,??????????“??????”“???????????,??????”??????

?????????????2019???????????????,??????????????????????????????????

??,?????????????????????????,????????????????????????,??????????????,?,??????????????

???,?????????,?????????????????????2019 ?,????,?????????????

?,???2017??????????????????(?????????????????????????????????????????)????????????????0-3 ??????(?“??????????”?????????????????)??,?????????????????,??????12%???????

???????,??2019???????,??,??0-3??,??2.2%??

?,?????????????????,????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,????????????

?????????????????2024????????,2023?????,?????????????89.5%,????(?)???1978?????????????,??5500??????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???,????????,2023?46.7%?

“(??????????)???????,??,”????,????????????????????????,?1????2???????,?????????

??????2024??????????????????12???????,???????????????0??1???????,?1-2???1:3,?????????2-3??????????1:4?

?????????????????????????,???,??????????????????????,????,????????????

?????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????????2?????????????????,?????,????????????,??????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,????????

??????

????????????????,?????,??

2022??????????CFPS??????????????????????,10??????????????,?,?????????

???????????????????????,??2012??2022??????????,?3???????????????6%??,?????

??????,??,2022?????????3???????????58.7%?

??,??????????????,??????????????????

????????????:?????????,??

???????????2019???????????????????,????,???????????????????3???????“???????????”?

??????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????

?????????????,?????????????????,????????????????????????,?????????????????????

???20??50??70?????????,??,?????????????????????????,1954??,?????????????????????????????????4003??????,2670?,????????????,???????????????

??,1950?,??????,?????

????,????????,1960??70%,?????????????

??,?????????????????,1963?????????????2975?????????????????????

??????????????,????????????,1984??????

“??????????????”?????1955??,?????????????,???,??????????????,??,????????????????????????

?,??,??,???????????,?????????75%~85%,??????????90%?

??????????????????????????,?????????????20????????????90????????

????????? 20??????????90???????????????????,?????,????????????????????????,??????????????

?,??????????????,1981????????,?20??????????,?????562????,???????10.5?????2022??,???????????????30?????,???????????????????1414???????

???????????????21?????,?????????? ??,?????????????,???????????

??????????,????,??????????????????????

??2015??????????????????,??“??”????????????????,???????????????2022??????,????????? ,?,???????????????

?????,?????????????“???”?????????????????????,??????“?????????”??????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,2021????????????????,????????“?”,????????300????????????? ??100?,???300???

????,?????????,???????“?”“???????????????????????”?????????“??????????????”?????,????

?????????????,???????????????,????????,??,?????????????????????,??????,??,???

?????????«??????????????»????,????20????,?????????,??????,???????,????????????“??????????????????”???????,????????????:“????????????????,???????”?(???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????) ????????:??????