????:1?????:???????????

2???????

3???????????

4????????98

5?24????

??????????????????11?23??????????? ???????????????:??“????”????????

?????????????????????????????

?? ???????? ?? ??????

“????”?????????????11???18????20????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)??“????????????????”????????????????????????,?????,“?????????????????”???????,???????????,????,?????????“??”,?????,???

???????:

?????????:??????????

??????????????????????????????????????:20????????70??,?????,??,????,??????????????,????????,?????????“????????”?

????????????(Thomas Berry),?????????????“???????”?????“?????????”??????????????,??????????????????????(William Theodore de Bary)???,??????????????????(Carlton Hayes)?????????????????????

2024???11????20?????,“?”??????????????????(??????????)???????????????????? ?????? ????

????:???????“?”?????????????,????????????????

?????????????????????:????“?”“????????????????”“??”??????????????????,“??”??????????????????,???????????“???,?;??????????,??????????”,?“???????????”?????

“????????”???,?“????”,?????????????“???????????????”??????,??????????????????,???????????????,???,??“?????”?????????????????????“?”??“??”????????,???????????????,?????????“?????”???????????????????????????

???,???,???????????? ??? ???

?????:???“???????”“???????????????????”“???????”???,??

???????????????:??????????????,?????????????????????“??????????”,?????????“???”,????“?????????”????????????????“??????????????”??????

???,?,?????????????,?????????????????????,??????“????”?,?????????,??????????????,???

????:???????

??????????????????????????????:?,?????,?????????????????????????……???,???????“?”???

70?????«????????????»???,????????????????????,??????????“???????????”?«????????»,?????????????,????????????????????????,???,????????,??,????????????,???

?:????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????:???????????,??,????????,?????????????,??????,?????,???????????????????????????????,????????????????,??????????,??????

???????,?????????????????,??????????????????“??”??????,???“??????????”??,?????????????????,????????????????,???????????????????????????

2016?????,????,?????112????????????? ?? ????

????????,??,?????“????????????????????????”????????,????????,???????,???????????????????????????,?????“????????????”,??????(?)

??:

????????????????????? ???? ??????????

??????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),??????????,???????????1997??,?????????????????????«?»«????????»???????«??»?

??:??????