???????????????3????

??

??????,???????

2024 ?????,??????????????,????????????????????????«?»(?????“?????????”)?,??,??? 3 ???????????????????????????????????,?,????? 7.86%,?????

?????????????,2018 ??????????? OECD(?????????)??????????? 3 ????????? 33.8%???,??,??????????????“????????”?,???????

???????????????????,???????????“????”??????,???????????????????

??,?????????????????2025??????,?????????????????“????????????”???????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????

??????,???????????????????????????????? 6 ????????????-3 ??,?? 6 ?????????????;???????????????????????????????;??????????????????????????????????

????????????2024 ?????????????????? 11 ????????,?????????????? 20 ?????????????«???????»??,??,?????

?3???

????,????3??

????????????,2018??????,?????????3?????????,?????,??2??92.1%?????????,2?56.5%,1???????????????33.2%?

?????????,?“??????????????”,???????????????????????????????????

????????????,2018???OECD ??????????3???????? 33.8%??????????????,2024?????????????????,???????????3??7.86%?

??????????,??,????????????????

«2019??»(???“2019?”)??6??15-49 ??????????????????,??27.6%?????????????????????????????????????? 2016 ?????,????? 1/3 ????????2024??????????????????,???,??3?????????

???,??????????????????????????????

“?????????,??”

??????,??????????????Papi??????????????????????????,?????1??3?????????,???????“?????”“????????????????,??????????”??????????????

???????????????2019?????,????????????????????????????????

????,????,???????????????????????,???????,??????,?????

???,??,?????????2019 ????,????????????????,???????????????

???????,????????2017??(?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)????????????????0-3 ??(??????????“????????????”????????????)???????????,???????????????????,??????????????????????12%???????

??????,???????????2019?????????,??,????????0-3????????,??2.2%????????

?????????????,??????,????????????,?????????,?????????

??2024??????,2023????????????????,???89.5%,???????????(???????????????)????????????1978??????????????,???????????????5500??????,??????,??,2023?????????????46.7%?

“(??????)?????????????????????,?,”?,??,??????1??2?????????,?????????????

????2024?????12????????,???0???1?????????????????????,?????????????1-2????????1:3,????2-3??????????1:4?

?????????????????,?????,??????,???,??

??????????????,????????????,???2?,?????????????????????????????????,?????,???????,?????????????????,?????????????????????

????????????

??????,??????,????????

2022???CFPS?,10????????????????????,??????????,?????????????

???????????,????????2012?2022?????????????????????????,??????????3???????6%???????,?????

?????????????????,????,2022???????3??58.7%?

???,????,??????????????????

??:?????,??????????????????????????

????2019?????,?????????????,????????3???????????????“??????????????”?

???,??????,???????????

??,??,????????,???????????

??????????20???????????????????????50??70??????????,????????????????????,??????????????,1954????????????,??????????????????????????????????4003?????????????????????,2670?,?????????????,?????????

??????????????,1950?????????????,??????????????,????????????????????

?,???????????????????,1960???70%,??????????????????????

????????????????,??????????????????????????????????,1963?????????????2975??????????????????????

?????????????,?????????,1984???????????????????

“????”??????????????1955??????????,???????????????????????,????,?????,????????,??????????

??,?????,????,??????????????,???????????????????75%~85%,??90%?

??,?????20???????90?????

?? 20??90??????????,????????????,????????????????,?????????

??,??????,1981?????????????,??20?????????,???????????????????562?,??????????????????10.5????????????????????2022??????????,???????30???????????,????????????1414??????????????????

????????????????21?,??? ??,???????????????,??????????????????????????

??????,??????????,???

?????????2015???????????????????,?????????“???????????”????????????????,?????2022????????????,??????????? ,??,??????????????

??????????,??“????”?,?????????“??”???????,?????????????????????????,2021??,?“?????????????????????”,???????300??? ???????????????????????????100????????????????????????,???????300???????????

??,????????????,?????????????????????“???????”“???????????????”????????“???????”??????,????????????

?????,????????????????,????????????????,????????????,???????????????,????????????????,?????,????????????????????

??????«??»????????,??????????????20?????????????????????????,?,?,?????????????????????????,?????“????????????????????”????????????????????????,??????????:“??????,??????”?(???????????????????????????? ????????????????? ?? ????????? ?????????????????) ???:????

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????????????????????3?????????

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