????:1?????????:??????????

2????????95

3???????

4?????

5?????

??2???????????????????11?????? ????:??????“?????????”???????

????????

??????? ?????

?????????????,??“???????????”????????????«??????????»???????,??????????,?“?”?

??????????????“?????”??????“?????????”????????“???”???,?????

??????:

????:????“????”,?????????

?????????????????:“??????????”???????????????????????????,???????????????????,???????????,12???(???????????354?)?????(365.24????)????11??,????“??”?????????????13????,??????“??????,?”?????

2025?????2???3???,????“?”,????????????????????????“???”?????? ??????? ?????

??(?????)??(???????)????????,?????????????“???”?????

???????????????????????:????,?????260?????,???????18???????20???????????,?“?????”?

???????????????????:??????“???????????,????????????????????”,??“????????”?????,????????????

????:????,??????????

???????,?“?????????????????”,?“?????”????,??,??????????“???????????”,????“?????????”,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????“????”“?????????”???

????,??????????????????????????,?????????????????????,????????????????????,???????????????“??”??????????????,??????????,??????

2023???????9?????????????14?????,???????????,?????????????????? ???? ????

?:?????????????????

????????????:???,????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????,?????????,????????????,?????

????????“????”,?????????,?????????????,??????????;???,?????,???????“??????????”?????,???«?????»,??????????????,???,????????“?????”????????????

??????????????,???,??“???????????”??????????????????????,????“????”???????????“????????????”????,???????

??,????“?????????”????????????????????????????????,?????“???”????,????????,?????“????????????”???,??,??????,???“?????”?

????????????????????:???,??????????

????:????????????,???????????????????,???????????????????????

?,????????????????,??“????????????”????“??????”,????????,??,???????????????????????????????????“?”,??

???,??????,?????,??“?????”??????????,????????“?????????????”?????????

?2024?????1??????????20???,??????????????????????????? ????? ????????

“??????,?????”,????????????????????«??????????????»?,?,???????“??”?????????????????,???????????400???,?????,?????????????,???,??,?????????,????????(????????????)

?????:

????????????

?,???????????????????????????(IAU)???????????????(A4)???????????????????????????????????

???:?????????????