????:1???????:?????

2???????????

3???????

4?????

5???????200??

??????????????2???????????13?????? (??????? ??????????????)?????????,??,??????????????????????????,???

??????????????????????????????????????????????13??,??????????????,??155±9GPa,??????40%?????????????????,?????????????????????????1100?,????900??

?????????????????????????1967?????????????????????????,?“??????”???????????,??,????????,???

?????????????,?????????,??50GPa???????,????????“??????????????????”????,???,???????????????????

????????????,??????????????????????????,??????????

?????????????,???????????????1.2??????,????,????????????,?????????????,????????????????????????(?????) ????:????????????????????????