????:1????????:51???????

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??10???2?????? (????? ????)???????????2??????????«2023???»???,2023??(R&D)???3.3???(???,?????),?????????????33357.1???,?8.4%,??“?????”??“??7%????????”??

???????R&D?2012???????1?,2019??????????????2??,2022????3???,?R&D????,???????

??,2023?R&D???(R&D???GDP???)??2.65%,??0.09???????,???????“??????”?0.02?,????????R&D?????????????????12???,??(OECD)??(2.73%)?

???????????????????????R&D??????2023???,???????R&D???25922.2???????3856.3?????2753.3????,??8.6%?1.1%?????????14.1%???????,????R&D???????????????77.7%,??2022??0.1????????,???????(79.0%)??(79.4%),??(67.4%)???(65.8%)??????

?????R&D?????????,2023???????????????2259.1???3661.5??????27436.5??,?11.6%?5.1%???8.5%???,??????R&D?????6.77%,???(?????) ???:??????????????