????:1???94?????:????????????

2???????

3????????????

4????????

5???????????

?????????????????,?????????,???????

?????????,??????,?????

????? ??????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????

???????????,????????????????

????????????3?????8?????????????????24???????,?????34??????????,????

???

????,?????????????29??????????,????????????????????????????DNA???????????????????????????,????????

??????????????

2021?????????3???????1???????,«?????????(???)»?????????,?????????

????,???????????????,???????????,?????,??????????????????????????????,???????

??????????

??????????

?????????,8??24??????????

??,????,??????????????????????,??

???????,????????????“?????????”??????????,?????????????,?34???,??????

?????????????,????,???????????,???,????????????,?????????????

“????,????????????,?????”????????

??????????,???????????????????????,??????????????,?????????????,???????????????,????????????,??????

????,??,?????????

“?????,????????????????????”??????????????????,?????,???????,???????“???????????,?????????,???????;????,????,??”

???????????,????????????,??,“???????”?

????????,?550?????????????,???????

2023?????11???,?????????????????????136???,????????«???????????????????????»??????????,????????,????“????????”??????????????????????

???????,?????15?????????“???”?,????????,??????,??,???????

????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????????????????????“?????????????????????”,????????,??,“??????????????????????,????”?

??????,???????,?????????????????????,????“?????????,??????????????????,??????????????”?????????

???????,???????????????,??????????

????,??????,???;????,????,??????????????

?????????????

??,???????????????????????,????????????????,?????????????????????,?????

?,????????????,?????

?????????????????????????????,????????????,?????????????,????????,????,??????????????,??????????

????,???????????,???????????,????????DNA??????????

????????????32???????????,???????????????????,???????????,?????????????????????????,??,???????

???9?????????2????????,?????9??????????????????,??????????????????,?????????

??????6??????,????????????????????18?????????????,???????????????????,?,??????????????????????????,????????

??????????????????,????????????????????????????,????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????????,??????????????“??????????,?????????????”“??????????”?

???,??????????,??“??????????????,?????,?,???”,????????????,??????????“?????”?

?????????????????????????????????,????????????????,???????????,?????????????????,??????“??????”????????“?????????????”,????????,???????

??????,???????????,?????????????????????????????????,?????????????“?????????????”??“????????”????????????????????????????????????,????????????“???????????????”?

??????“????????”,?????????????????????,?,???????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????,?????????????,???????

2021??3??1????,???????????,?????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????,?????????,2016??2018???????????????,????????????1200?????????????,?????????31??????????

??????,??????????????????,????????:?????????????????????????,?????????????????,????;???????,???????????????????????DNA???????????????????????????,??????“????????”???????????????????“??????”?????????????

??????????,?????,???????????????,????????????????“???????,???,????????,?????????????”??????1000????????????????

9?????????26??????????,«???????????????(????????)»????,??????????????????????????????

??,???????????????????????????????????,????,??????

?,?????????,???????,????????????,???????????????

“????????????”?????????????????????

???????????

????,???????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????,????,???????,???,?????,???,????,“?????????????????”???????????????????

??????,???,?????????????????“????????????,?,??????”??????????????,?????????

??????,???????????,??????????????????????“??????????,??????????????”???????????????????????,??????????????“??”?

???????????,????????,?????????????“??????????”?“??????,???,????????????????”???

???????,????

????????,???????????????????,?????“???????,??????”???,????????????????????????????????????

??,???,??????“??????????????????????”??????“????,????,??????????????”,???????“???”?

“??????????????????,?????????????????”?????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????,????????

????????,?????,“????????,?????????????????,?????????????????”?

?????????????????,?,????????????,????????????????????????4S????,?????????????????????????????????????,???????????,??????

??????????????????????????????,???????,???????????????????????

???????,??????????????????,????????????????????????,?????????????????“????”????????????????,??????????????,????????????????,“???????”??????????????,?1000??????????????????????,?????

?????????????????????“????????,?????”????,???,????????????????????“??????”

??????

??67??,“???????????????????,???????,???40??????????????????”??????

?????26???????????,???????????????????????????,???????

?????,????,??????????

?????“????????????????,?20??????”

?,??????????????????????,????DNA,“??????”?

11??6????????????????,??????????????????????,??????????,“?????,???????”?

????,?????,???????????????????????????,?????,???????????,??????????,??????????????????

?????????,????,??????????????????????????

????????“???????,?????????????”??????????????????,???????????

?????,?????,????????????????????????10??????,??????????????,?,?????

???,??????????????,????????????,??????????????????,????“????”?

?????????????,??????,????????,??????????

?????,???????????,????????“???????????????”,??????????????

???????,?????????????,????????????,????????????“????????????????”????????“?????”,“????????????????????????”?

??????,??????,??,???????????,??????????????????????

“??????????????”,???????,??,??????????????,????????

????????,????“???????”??????????????????,???????????????,????,????,??,??????????????“????????????????”???????,??????????????

???????????,?????,?,???“????????,????????”,???????????,????,???????????????????????

??????????????????«??»???????,???«??????????»??,????????????????????????“?????”????,?????????????????????“??????????”?

??,?????8????,??????????:“??????????,?????????????????????????,????”

??“????????????????”???????????“?????”????“??????????????????”????,?????????????????????????,“?????????????????”“????”??????,???????????,??,???????????????????

????,??????????“???????????”???????,??????????

“???,????????????”????,??«????????»???????????????????????,??????

??????????,???????????????,?????,???

???????,???,?????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????,???????????

?????

????,????????????,??????????????,???(??????????????????,???????????????)

?????????:??????????? ??????????????????????????:?????????