???????????3????????

??,???

2024 ?,??,??«??????»(???????“?”)???????,?????????????,?? 3 ??,??????????,?? 7.86%,??

??,2018 ???? OECD(?)???????????? 3 ????? 33.8%???,????????????????????????,??????“?????????????????”???,??

?????????????????????????,??“???”?,?????????????????

??????????,?????????????????2025???,??????????????????????????“??”??????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????

????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ???????-3 ?????????????????,? 6 ???;???????????????????????????????????????????;?????????????????????????????

??2024 ? 11 ?????????????,???? 20 ???«????????»????,?,???

??????3???

?????????,?????3???????

???????,2018???,?????????????3??,????????????????,????2??92.1%????,2??56.5%,1?33.2%?

????????????????,???????????????????“????????”,?????????????????????

??????,2018????OECD ?????????3? 33.8%???,2024????????????????,??????????3????????????????7.86%?

??????,????,???????????

«2019???»(????????????“2019?????????????????????????”)?6??15-49 ??,?????????????????27.6%????? 2016 ?????????????,????????? 1/3 ????????????2024??????????,???????????????,?????????????3??

????,???

“??,?????????”

??????,?????Papi??????????????????????,??????????????1???????????3??????,???????????????????????“???????”“????????????,????????”????

?????2019??????,???????????????????????????

????,???????????????,?????????????????????,????,??,???

?????????????,??,?????????????????????2019 ??????,?????????????,???????

???????????,???????????2017????????????????(??????????????????????????)???????0-3 ??????????(??????????????????“???????”??)?????,???????,?12%???????????

????????,?2019????????????,?????,????0-3?????????????????????,???????2.2%???

????????,???????????????,???????????????,????????,????????????????????

??2024?????????,2023???????????,???89.5%,?????????????????????(??????????)?1978???,??????????????5500?????????????????????????????,???,???????????,2023?????????????????46.7%?

“(??????????????)????????????????,??????,”?????,?,????1?????????????2?????,???

?????2024??????12??,?????????0?????1???????????????????????????,??1-2???????????????????1:3,????????2-3??????1:4?

?????????????????????????,????????????,???????????????????,??????????,??????????????

?????,???????????????????,?????????2????,???,?????????,?????????,?????????????????,??????

??

??,????????????????????,????

2022???????CFPS?,10??,???????????????????,??????????????

???????????????????????????,?????????2012??2022??,?????????????3?6%?????,???

??????????????,??,2022?????????????????????????????3???????????58.7%?

????,????????????,??

???:????????????,???

??????2019??????????????????????,?,??????????????????????3???????????????????????????????“??”?

?,?????????,???

??????,????????????,???????????,??????

???????????20??????????????50????????70??????????,?????????????????,??????????????????????????,1954??????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????4003???????????????,2670????????,????????,????????

????????,1950??,??????????,???????????

?????????,????????????????,1960???????70%,???????????????????

??????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,1963????2975??????????????????????????????

?????,??,1984???

“??????”??????1955?????,?????????????????????????????????,????,???????????,??????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????

???,?????????????????,?????????,??,??75%~85%,??????90%?

??,????????????20?????????????????????90????

??? 20?????90????,??????????,???????????????,??

?????????????????????,??????????????,1981???????,????????????????????????20?,????????????????????562???????,???10.5??????????2022?????????,??30??,??????1414????????

?21???????,??????????????? ??????????????,????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????

?????????????????,????????????????,???

?????????????2015?????????,??“???????????????????????”?????????????,?????????????????????????????????2022??????????,? ,???????????????????????????????????,?????

?????????????????????????????????,??“??”?????????,??“???????”?,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????,2021?????????????,??????????????“?????????”,???????300???? ????????????100??,??????????????????300??????

???????,?????,?????“?”“???????????”?????????????????????“???????????”?????,?????????????

??????,?????????????,????????,??,?????????????????????????????????,?,??????????????,???????

?????«????????»????,?????????????????20???????????????????????,?????,?,??????,???????????“?????????????????????”??????,????????????????????????:“?????????????????,????”?(???????????????? ??? ?? ?? ??????????) ??????????????????:?????????????