??????????????

??

???????????2025??2????21???????????,???«???????????????????????»???????“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(??)”???????(????????????????????)??,?“??????????”(Kongming),?????????????“???????????????”?????,??????????????????

????,????????????????????,????????????????????“?????????????????????”??1950???(??cAMP?cGMP)???????,????????,???????????????????????????????,????????????????,????????????????,??KomA(?????????????A)?KomB(?????????????????B)?KomC(??????????C)???????????,??????(DNK)?????????“???”:KomA??????????????????DNK????,??????????????????(dAMP)??dITP???KomC????NAD⁺,?????????????????“??????”????????????????,?????????,??????“???????????”?????????????????????????????????????,??????????“?”??,??

??,“??????”??????????????????,????(?????????KomB-KomC?????KomA)?????????????,??dITP????????????:?,??(??ADA??????)????,?????

(??? ?? ?) ?????????????????????????????:???????

?????????

????????????????????????

????????