?,?????“??”??

?????????????:?????????????

????????????????2025.2.17????????1175????????????????«??????????????????????»???????????????????????????

????????????,???????????

??????1?????????????,???????

????????2022??????4????4??????????,?????????????,???????,????????????????????????S??????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????,?????????????????,???????????????????

????????????????,???,????????????????????,???????????,????????????????????,??????????,????????????????????

3??????????,???????????,???,????????????????,????,????????,???????????,????????,????,???????????????????????????,????3.7??????

“?????????,????????”????????????«??»??,???????????,????

???????????????????

????,????????“????”??????????

????1?????3?????????????,???????????,????????,??????????????????,??,?????????????????????,??,????????,?????????????????,????,?????????

??????,??,???,????“???????????????????????”??????“????‘??’???????????,???,???,????????”???(????????????????)????«?»????

2022?????????,???????,??????????“???????????????????”???“?????”?????????,???????,??????????????????????,?????????????

?????????,??,?????,?????? “??”“?”????????????,??????????????????

“?????”???????????,?,?,??“??”????????????????????,?,?????“????????”,?????,????????????,?????????????????

????????12????????,???????,?????,??????????,????????????????????????????,???????????,??????7??????,??1012???,?????????

???????,????,????????????????,??????,??,???????,???????????,?????????????????

“?????????????,??????????,????????,??????????”?????«?????????????????»,???2013????????,?????????,??????????,???????????,???????????????

???????????????,?????????????,??,????????,???????????????????????????,????????????,??????????????????????,????????,???????????????????????????

??????????????,?????????????????,????????,??????,????????????????,???????,????????,???????????????????,?????????,????,?????????????

???,???????????,???????“???????????,????,??????????????????”????,??????,?????????,???

??????????????????,??,???????,?????????,?????????

?????????????,???????,???????,???????????????,?????????,????????,???,???????????

???????????????1??,??????15??,???????“???????”??,?????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????,??,??????????????,???????????“????”?????,?????“???????????????”?“????????????,?????????????,???????????????”??????«???????»?

??????????

???????????,?????“?????”?

“????????????????????????,?,???”?????????,????????????1996?????????,????,???????????????????????????????????

?????????,????????????,?????????????????????????2001???????,?,??????????????2013?????????????,?????????????,????????,???????????????????,??????????,?????3???

“?????????”?????????????????????,21?????,???????????????????,?????????????????????,2015????????????,???????????????????3????,?“?????????”?????

?????????????????????????43????,????????????6.1%?????????,??2025???????????,??????,??????????3??????

“????,????????”?????????2023????????,??????????,????,????,???????????????????,????????????,?????????????

???,??????????«???????????????(??????????)????????»,??????????????????“??”???,???????????????,??????????????“?????,5?????????????,4???,1???”????????????????

??????,???????“????????????????”?????????????,????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????????????,????,???,?????????????,?????????

“??????,??????????????????”??????2012????????????????,??????????????,??,????????,????????

????????????“??????”?“?????????‘??’,?,??????????,??????????”??????????,???????????,?????????????????,“??????”?????????,?????,?????????????????,?????,??

??????????2022??????????,?,?????,????????????????????,??????,?????????????,?????????????????????????????,????????????,??,????“?????????????????????????????????????”????

“????????????????”??????,??????????,???,???????????,?????????,??????,????????????,?????????????????????1????

?????,????????????????,???????,???????????????????????,????????????

????,???????10?????????????????????????????????????,????????????,??????????????????????,???2/3??????????????????????????????????????????,???????

“???????????”???,??????,??????,??????????????“?????”????????????????????????,??????????????,?????????????“????????????”???????,?????????????

????????????

?????????????????,??1???????????,??????????????,“????????????”????????

??,??????????7??,???????“????”????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????“??????????????????”,????????????,??????

?????,????,???????“???”??????,???????????????????,????????????????????????,??????????,???????????,????“???”,???????????????“????”?????????????????,“????,??????????”?

??,???????????,???,?????????????????????:???????????????

??????????????12???,????,??“????,??????????,?????1/6?”??????

??,??????,???????????????????,???????????????????????????????,???????????????,????????????????,????????????,????????????????,????,????????????????????????,??????????????????????,?????????????,????????????????9??????????,???

“???????????,?????????????????????,????????,????”?????????

??????????????????????,????200?,?????300400????????????????????,????????????????????????????,??????,??????100%,???????????????1???????1??,????

??????????????,????????????,“??????????”?????????,???????,????????,?????????????????,??

“????????10%????????????,???????,?????????????????????????????????”??????,?????????

??????????????????,???????????????????,??????????,?????????,?????????,???????????????????????,??????????????????,“??,???????????????”?

“??????????????,?????????????????????????”????????????????????????????,???????????1/10?“???????????????,????????????”

????«????»,?????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,???????????,?????????,??????????????6????????????????????

?,?????,??????????????,????????????????????????,???????????????????“???????????????????”,?????,?????????

“?,???????”???????,?????????,?????????“??”,?????????“?????????”?

????????

??????????????????,??????????

2003??????,?,????,????????????????????60???????????????,???????????????????40????????????,??????????????????,?????????,????????,??,??????????????,??????????

20?????50?????????????,??????,???????????,?????????????,??????,??????,???????21???????????,???????,????????????????,???????????????????,?????,??,?????????

????????????14?,????????????????,??????????2008???????????,??????????????,????????????????,????,?????????,????????,“????????”?????????????,?????????????????????,??????????????????

“?????,????????????????????????????????”???????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????,????????,?????

“?????????,???????”???????“???????????????”,???????????????“?????????????????????”,??????,?????????,????????,???????

????2013????????,??????,??????????????????,???????????,???,????,?????,??????????????????

“????????????,????????????????????????????”????,???????????(SBINZ)?,?????????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????1????,???1????????????????,??????,?????????????????????,?????

??????????????????????????????

“?????”??????????????????,?????????(USSA)???(SIA)??????(NSAA)???????(PSIA-AASI)??????(NSP)????????6??????“??,?????????????”

“?????????????????????????????????????”?????????????,????,???????,????????

“?????,?????????????,???????,?,????????”????????????????«??????????????»?

(?????????????????????????)

«?????»2025??5???????????

????????????????????????:????????«??»??????? ?????????????????:???