??????????????

??2025???????????2????21?????????????????,????????????«??????????????????»????“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(???????????????)”????????????????(?????????????)????,?????????“????????????????????”(Kongming),?????????“????”???,????????????

?????,????????????????,?“??”???????????1950??????????????????(??????????????????cAMP?cGMP)?????????????,????,?????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????,??,??KomA(????????????A)?KomB(?????????????????B)?KomC(??????C)?????????,??????????????????(DNK)???“??????”:KomA????DNK?,?????????????(dAMP)????dITP??????????????????KomC???????NAD⁺,?“??????”????????,??,??“???”???????,?“??????”???,??????????????????????????????????????

???????????,“????”??,??(??KomB-KomC???KomA)????,???dITP??????:??????,????????????????????????????(???????????????????????ADA?????????)??,???????

(???????????? ????????????????????? ??????) ???:?????