?????????????3??????

??

??????,?????????????

2024 ??,?????????,????????????«??»(???????????????????“???????????????”)????????????,???????????????,?????????? 3 ??,??????????,????????????? 7.86%,?????

???????????????,2018 ????? OECD(??)?? 3 ?????????????? 33.8%????,???????????????????,?“?????”??,????

????????????????????????????,?“?????????”?????????????,???????????????

????????????????,???????????????????2025????????,?????????“???”??????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????

????,?????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ?-3 ?????????????,????????????????????? 6 ?????;???????????????????????????????????????;?????????????

???????????????2024 ???????? 11 ??????????,?????????????????????? 20 ??«???????????????????»??,??????,??????????????

?3??

??,??3??????

?????????,2018??????,??????????????3??????????,??????????????????,?????????2??92.1%???????,2?????????????????56.5%,1????33.2%?

?????,????????“?????”,???????????

???????????,2018??OECD ??????3????????? 33.8%??????????????,2024???,????????3?7.86%?

?,?????????????????,???????????????

«2019??»(?????????“2019??????”)???????6???????????15-49 ??????,??27.6%?????????????????? 2016 ????,???????????????? 1/3 ???????2024??????????,??,???????????3??????????

??????????????,??????

“????????,???????????????”

??,??????Papi?????????,????1?????????????3?,??????“??????????”“????????,?????????????????????????”?????

???2019???????,?????????????????

????????,?,?????????????????????????,???,???,????????

???????????,??,????????????????????????????????????2019 ?????????????,??,???

???????????,???2017??(?????????????????????????)?????????????0-3 ????????????(?????“????????”??????)?????????????,???????,??????????12%???????

????????????,??2019????????,????????,??????0-3???????????????????????????????????,????2.2%????????????????????????????

??????????????,??????????????,???????????????,?????????????????,????????????????????

??2024?,2023?????,?????89.5%,??????????????(?)????????????????????1978????????????????,?????????????????????5500????????????????,?,???????????????????????,2023?46.7%?

“(?????????)????????????????????,?,”??,??,????????????1???????????2??????,???

?????????2024?????12???????,????????????0????????????????????????1??????????????????????,???????????????1-2???1:3,???2-3??????????1:4?

??????????????,?????,?,????,???

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???????

???????,?,?????????????

2022??????????????CFPS???????????,10?????,???,?????

???,????2012??2022?????????,????????3??6%???,???????????

?????????????????,????????????,2022??3?58.7%?

?????????????????????????????????,??,?????????????????

?????????????:?????????????????????????????????,????

??2019?,?????????????????,??3???????????????????“?????????????”?

??????????????????,????????,???

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????????????????20???50????????????70??????,?????????????????,????????????????????????????????,1954?????,??????????????????????????????????????????4003??????????,2670??,????,?????????????

??????????,1950??,??????????????????,???

??????????????,??????,1960??70%,??????

????,???????????????????????????,1963????2975???????????????????????????

????,??,1984???????????????????

“?????????????????”??????????????????????1955????????,???????,?????,?????????????????????,??????????,???????????????????????

?????????,??????,?,???????????,??75%~85%,???????????90%?

???????????,?????????????????20????????90???

???? 20?90??,????,?????????,???????

??,??????????????????,1981????,??20???????????,???????????????562??????,??10.5??????????????????2022??????????,????????????30?????????????,??1414??

??21???????????,?? ?????,?????????????,???????????????

?????????????,?????????????,??????

???2015??,?“?????????”??????????,???????????2022?????????????????,??? ,???????????????,?????????

????,???“??”??????????,???“??????”???,?????????????????????????????????,2021???,?“????????????????”,?????????300?????????? ????????????100??,????????????????????300????????

??????,?????????????????,?????“?”“?”????????????????????????????????????“???????”?????????????????????,????????

??????,???????????????????????,?,??,???????????????????????????,???????,??????????????,??????????????????

?????????????«????????????????»???????????????????????,?????20??????????????????????????????,?????????????,??,????????????????,?????????????“????????????????????????????”??????????????????????,??????????????:“?,???????”?(????? ?????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????) ??:????????

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