????:1??????????:?????

2??????

3?????a5??

4?????

5??????????

????????????????12?????????????????3?????? (?????????????? ???????????????)???????,??????????,????,?????????????????,“??????”?????,?????????

????????? ????

?,????????????????,????????????????,??????????1920??????????,??????????

“?????,?????????,?????”??,?????????,?????????????

1911?,??????,??????“???????”,????????????????“????????????????????????”??????,?????

????,??????????????1917???????,?,????????????3????????????????

?????????????,?????????????????????

?????,???????????????????? ???????

“???????,???????,???????????????;??????????????????‘???????’,?????????????????????”?????????,“????????,?,???????????,???????????,???????????????????????????????”

????????????????????????,??????????????????????,???????????????,????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????

??????,?????????????????????????????,2018?,?????????????????????????,2019??????????,?????????????,??????????2021???

“???,??????,???????????????????”??,???????

???,?????????????????“????”???????,?????????????,????????“?”?

“?,?????????,???????????”???,“‘??????’‘??????’……???????????????,????????????????,???,??????,??????,???”

???????????,????,????????????????????,?????,???????????????????????????

?,??????????????????,???????????????????,????????

2024??????11????????,?????,?,?????????????,??????????????????“???”????,??????????,????,????????

?????????????????????1935??89?????,????????????????????,??????????????

“?????,?,???????,???????????????????????????????????,??????????,?????????????????”???,??????,????????????????????,???????????????

????? ???????????????????

??????????,?????????????????,?,??,??????????,???????????????,????

“?????????????????????,????????????????????(????????????)??????,??,?????????”??????,???????,?????????“???????????????”?????????

???????????,??????,????????“??,????????,???????”(????)

??????????????:????