?????????????3??????

??

????????,????????????????

2024 ???????????,??????,??«?????»(????????“???????????????????????????????????”)?????????????????????????????,??????????????,??????????? 3 ??????????????,??????????????,?????????? 7.86%,?????

??????,2018 ?????????????????????? OECD(?????)?????? 3 ??????? 33.8%??????????,?????????,????????????“?????????????????????????”????,?????????????

????,??????????????“???”????,???????????????

?,????2025????,??“?”??????????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????

??????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??-3 ??,????????????????????? 6 ???;??????????????????;??????????????????????

?????????????2024 ??????????? 11 ????????????,??? 20 ?????????«?»??,??,???

??3??????????????

??????????????,??3???

???????,2018?????????????,?3???,?????????????,??????2???92.1%???????????????????,2??56.5%,1?????????33.2%?

???????,?????????????“?????????????????????????”,??????????????

?,2018??OECD ???????????????????3?? 33.8%???????????,2024???????????,??3??????7.86%?

?????????????,??????,?????????????

«2019?????»(????????????????“2019????????????????????????”)??6?15-49 ?????,????????27.6%??????????????? 2016 ?????????,??? 1/3 ????????2024????????,??????????,???3???????????????

??????,??????????

“?,??”

??,????????????Papi???????,???????????1???????????????3??????,??“???????????”“?????????????????,???????”????????????

????????????????????2019???????,?????????????????????????????????????????????

?????????,??,??????????????????????,???????,??,???????????????????

????????,?????????????,?????????2019 ??,??????????,???????????

?????????????,?????2017?????????????????(????????????????????????????????????)?????????0-3 ???????????(????????“???????”??)??????????,??,?12%?????

???????,??????????2019?????????????,????????????????????,??????????0-3?????????????????????????????????,???????????????????2.2%???????

?????????????,????,??????????????????,????????,?????????????????????????????????

?????????????????2024????,2023??????,????89.5%,???????(??)?????1978??????????????????????,?????????5500??????,???????????????????,??,2023??46.7%?

“(???????)?,?????,”????,????????????,??????1?????????????2???,?????????????

??2024???????????????12???????????,???0?1?????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????1-2??????????????????1:3,?????????????2-3?1:4?

???????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????,??,??,?????

???,????????????,????2????,?????????,????????????????????????,???????,?????????????????????????????????,???

??????

????,??????,?????????????

2022??CFPS????????????,10?????????????,??,???????????

??,???????2012??????????????2022??????????????????,??????3??????6%?????????????????,??????

????,??,2022???3???????????????58.7%?

??,??,?????

???????:??,??????????????????????

?????2019?????,??????????????,??3????????????????????“?????”?

?????????,?????????????,???????????????????

?,???,???????????????????????,???????????

????????????20???????????????????????50?????????????????????70??????,???????????????,?????,1954?????????,????????????????????????????????????????4003???,2670???????????????????????????,?????,?????????

?????,1950?,????????????,???

??????,????,1960??70%,???

?,???????????????,1963???????2975???????

???????????,?????????,1984??

“?”????1955??????????????,????????????????,?????,????????????????,??????????????????????????,??????????????????????????

????,?,?????????,???,????????????75%~85%,??????90%?

?????????????????,?????????????????20??90?????

?? 20?????90???????,???????????,????????????????,????????????

??????????????,??????????,1981???????,??????????20????????,??????562????????,?10.5?????????????????2022????????????,?????30?????????????,????????1414????????

???21???,?????? ??????,????,?????????????????

????????????????,??,????????????

??????2015???????,?????????“??”?????,???????????????????2022?????????????????,?????? ,???,???????

??????????????,????????????????“???????????????????”??????????????,?????“???”????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????,2021??,?????“?”,???300?????????? ?????????????100?,????300?????????????????

????????????,??,?“??”“??????”??????????“???????????????????”?????????????,?????

?????,?????????????,???,?????????????????,?????????????????,??,??,???????????????

??????????«??????»??????,??????????20?????????????????????????????????,??????????????,??????????,??????????????,????????????????“?????????????????????????????”?????????????,???:“??,????????????????”?(?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????????????????????????) ????????:??????????

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