??????????,????????

????:??????:??????????

???????9???????????5?? (???? ??? ???????)?????????????,???,?“??”,????????,???????“???????,?????”???????????????,??????????????

????

???????,??LED?????,???????,??????????

?????????????????,?????????????????????????,?????,????,????????????????

“??????????”,????

????,???“???????”???????,??(??????????)????????,?????????

???????,2014????????2023??????????,????7402.7??????????????,??12.1%??????????2023??????????????????,??????????????1066.4???????,????????????????????34.4%?????,?????????11??????????????????,??9?8%?????????

?????,??????“?”?????????????

2022?,???????????,???“??”????“?????????,?????????????2400??,???????????????0.1%???????10%?”??????????????

????,??????????????????:17????,????663.2?,??????10.1%?????,??1???????,?????2000??????????,??8????????

???????????????????????

????????????????,??????????21?,?????????“??”?“????????????,???????????????????????,???4000???????????”???????????

?????????????????????????????????????,???

17??,?????????????75.9??????,??23%???????,??????,????????????????

3??????????“?”????

?????????,???????“??”,????????

?????????,???????????2006?????????????????,????,???????12?????????,????,???,??,??350?????????????????,????????????10???????????

“??????,???????????????????”????????,?,????3????,??????????????????

???????????,??????????????????????????;???????????,“eWTP?????”??????????;??????????????????????????????????????,????????……

???????,??????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????,?????40.4%???????????????,????????????,????????????

“??????????????,?????????????????”???????(????????)???,?????,??????????,??,???

??,????????????“???????????????”??????????,????????,??8?,?????,???????1822??????,??????????????????

????

????????????,??????????????????????????,??2200?,???1.3?????????,???????????????53?????????

???????????????,???????????,??11????:“?????”??????????????????,???????????????2007?????????,???“????????????????????????”????????“??”?

?????,????????????????????????

????,?????2011????????????,???????,??????????13???????“?????????”?«?????????????»????,???

“???????”??????????????,?????????????????????????????(?)????????,???????????????????????

??????????????4??????????,?30???20?????????????,?????

??4???????????????,?????????10???????????????,??2024????????????????(ATC)???????PLC?????????????????????:“???????,???????????????”

????????????????

?????????

???,??????????????

???5????,?????????,??????????????????????????????????“??????????”???????«???????»????????????,???????????,????,?????????,????????????

??????????????????????,???????????????????????2015??????????,???????5????,?????12???,?????????6.67????????????????

?????????????????????«?????»??«??»«?»«????????????????»???????????????,?????????????????30???,???????1500??

??,??????????????1970????????????????,?????????????????????16????????44???????????,??????????????????2022??????????????5?????????????????????????:“???,????????,???,?????”

??????????,??,??,????,?????????????2?,??????????????????,??????;1???????????????,????????????,???????????;5?,????????????,???????????50?????60???????????????????????;7???,“????????????”??,???????……

??????8???????,?????12?????????????(?????????????????)

???????????????????????????????:????????