????:1??????????:??????

2?????9598?

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4????????400?4???

5?????spa

????10??14???????????(?????????????)2024??????????????“?????”????????????????10?14???????,2024????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson???James A. Robinson????????????????

“??”??

???????????????“??”???????????????,??????“?”,?????“???????”????

?????????????1968???????????????,????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????,??

?????????????????“??????”,???????????,?????????????????????67????????????????????????2007?(Leonid Hurwicz),?????,??????90??????????????????2019??(Esther Duflo),???46??????????????????????

?,???????????????????????????,??????????2009??????(Elinor Ostrom)?

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???????????“???”?

??????????1969?????????????2024??,????????56????,??90?????????????????????????,?????

“?????????,???,???????????”?????

1994?????????????“?????????”???????????????«??»????????2015??,???????????????????????

2002????????????,?“?,?”??

??????:2018???????????????

2018????,???????????????(William D. Nordhaus)??(Paul M. Romer),??:“????”?“????????????????”?

???????????????,???????????????????????????,??????????,???????????????????????????????

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??????????????????????,???,???????????????“???????????”,“??????”?

2017???????????????????????????(Richard Thaler)????????“??”???,?????????????????????????????????????????????,?,???????????????,????????????????,???????

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?,?????7???????????????????????????,??????????500??????5???????????????,?????????

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2019????????,??????????????????,?????????????????,????????,????????????????????????????????,????

“2019???????????????????,?,?????”??????????????????(??????????????????)

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