????:1????????????:?????95?98??

2?????9598?

3???????????

4??????????

5?????

??????10?????????????5? ??:“????”????

?????? ???????

“??????”??,???????,?????

????????????????,?????“???????????”????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????

1938????,????????????????????????????????,???????,?????????????????,???????????,???????????1949?????????????????????,11???????????,?????????????????????,????????,????,???????????????,“????????,??”?

?,?????????????????????,??????

“?????,???????,???????????????,???????”??????????????????,????????????,???????????????,???,??

??????????,??(??????)

1963???????,???????????,??????????????(?????????????????????)?????????,???????,???????????????

??,?????????????????(???????????????????“?????????”)?????????????????????????????????“?????????????????????????????”???,????????????,?,????“?”“?????”?????

20??????????????80???????????????,????36000?????????????????????,???????????,???????????????????,????????????“??????????????”???,???????????,???????????????

1996???????????????????2??????????????????15???????????????,??????,??????????????“??,????”????????,???,????????

????????????????????,??????“??????????????,????”????,????????????????30??,?????500???????????????,????????,??????????????????????????,???“???”?

?,?????????,?????????????????,??????????????????????

????????,?,??????“???????”???????????????,???“???????”?????????????“????????????????????????????,????????????????”??????????????

??????????????(???)

????????????,?????????????,??????????????,???,????????,?,???????????????????????????????,????????????

“??????,?,??????????,???????????????????”???????????

????????????,??????????,?????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,????,?????(????????)

??????????????????????:????????