????:2024-10-02 19:50:43 ??:????
????:???????????:????????
??75??????????75??????????????,?????????????
???????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????……??????????????????
??«?????»??????????,?????????
????«??????»?,13????
?????2023?????,???????7.98?????????????????????????????“?????”??????????,?????????“??”????????????,??????????????????????????,??
???????????,????,???????
01
????????????????
??,???????????????????????,??????????????????,????????????“??????”?
???,???????????,???????,????,????,??????????????,??“?????”?
????,????,???????????,???
???????????,????????????,?,?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????
??1956??,?7?????,??????,??
???????,??????????????
??????,1957??????,????????????BK640?,?,????????????????“?”???????????,??????????
“????”????????????????,??,??????????,??????,?,???????????
???«??????????????????»??????????????,????
????????????,?????????????
????????50?60???,??“???”?
??“??”????,?????????,????????,????????
??????,1959???,?????????????,?????????,?????????????????
1960????????????????????,????????????“????????????????????????,???????”?????,3???????,???????????500????????,????????????
1963??,???1964?????????????????,?????????????????,???
?????,????????????
1976?????,????????????????????????????17??????????,??,????????????????,?????“????????????????”,????20???80?90???????
“??????????????”?????????,????????????“???????????????????”,????????????,???????????????,??????????,???
????????????????????????,??????,?????????????
????????????,???????,???????“??????????????1??????”???????“?????”?
??1??????,????????????????????,???“??”?
2017???,“????”?????????????18????,?,???????????,???????????????????????????????????,???,??1.5?????,???
1???“??????”???????????????????????,???,??????
??,????,???????????,????????????????????????
?,???????????,????????,????;?,?????????????????,???????……
?????????????,???????????????,????,?????????,????????????????
02
??????“???????”??
?????«????»?????,?????????????????????
?,???????,????????????????????
??????????????,???????????????,????“?”????????????????,?,?,?????
????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????,??,????????
«??»?????????,????????????:“????,????????,????????”??:“????,????,?????????????,???,??????”
??,???????????????????,??????????,?????“???????,???????”,??
???????????????,??(????????????????????????????????)????????????????(???????????????????????)???????????????????????????
???????????????????????,????????,????????????????
???,???????????????????
2006??,????IC??????????????????,???IC??????,???“???”?
IC???????????,????????????2013?,??,?,“?????”?300?,??????,?????????300?????
???????IC????????,?????????????,??????????????IC????????,???????,????????????
2017?,?????????2020????????,???????“?????????”,????,??“?????????????????????”??????,??????????????????????????
????,????????,???86%,????
?????????????,???????????????????????,????,??????????
????,????????????????????,???????????,????
???,??,?????,????,????????
????????????????????????,??????????????????????,?????????,?????????
03
?????
??????226??????,?????5345?,???????????5167??,?????71????????????……2021?????????????????,“90?????????”????????????
?“??????????????”?,????????
????,??????????,??????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????,????????????
??????60?????????,?????????930????????????“??,?????????,????????????????”
930?1996????????,????????????????,??????38?????????,????????????????????????,???????,???????????????
930?????,929??
929????,??,????????20?????????????????
??,?????,??????,??,??????,????236???????????,??
????????929????????,?,?“??”?
?????????????????2020????????,???????,?????????????????????????????2022??????,??????(?????)????,??????????43.9%???????????50.6%?
?????????????????????????????,??,?????????
??,?????????????,???????
??????????2017??????????,???????????,?,??????????????????????????
????“?”???????
????,1924????????,??,???????????????,??????????,??????????,?,????
?????????,1935????????????,???,???????????????????????,??,??,?????????????,?????????????
?,???????????,????????????
??????7??,?????,????????????????,??
????????,???????????????????????????????????,???????????????
??,?????????????11??????????,??,???????????????????????1257??????????????,?????
???????,?????????,?????75???
?????,??????????“????”??;?????,?;??,??????
??,??????????????
?????
????????????????
??
????????????????? ??????????
??????????
????????
???????????????
????«????????»«??????»«????????»???? ???????:?????
????