2023?????????????3.3???

????:????:????????

???????10????2??????? (????????????? ??????)???????2??«2023????»??,2023??(R&D)???3.3?????????(????????,?????),??????33357.1?????,?8.4%,???“???????”????“??7%?????”????

???R&D???2012??1???,2019?2?????????????,2022??3?,???R&D???????????????,???

??,2023???R&D?(R&D???GDP??????)?2.65%,??????0.09??,???????“?”?????0.02????????,?????????????????R&D??????????12?????,?????(OECD)?????????????????(2.73%)?

???????????R&D???????2023????,???R&D??????????????25922.2???????3856.3???2753.3??,?8.6%?1.1%??????14.1%?????????,?????R&D????77.7%,?????????2022???0.1??,???????(79.0%)???????(79.4%),?????(67.4%)???(65.8%)???

??R&D???,2023??????2259.1??3661.5???27436.5?????,??11.6%?5.1%?8.5%???????,??R&D??6.77%,???(?????????) ???:???