????????????“??????????”

????:??guan???:???????

????11??????????????22?????(???????????????)11?21?????????????????????,“?????????????????????????????19491999”?????????????????????,?????7??????????“?”????????????

?????????7??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7??,??75??

????,??,???????“??”??????????????????????????????????????,“??,??????????????????”,????“??”???????????????????????,??????????

???????,??????????????

“????????”???????,?????????????

???“?????????????”??,???1949???“????????????????”??????,1952??????0.55??????????????1.8??,????????????720???????????????????????????,??70???????????,???????

?,????????????????????1988????????????????????“?”?,???,10????????????????

“?,?????????????????????????????????????????,???????????”????????????????????????,?,?????

????????

???????,?????????????????

?????????????????????????

??,???????????????????,????,????????

“???,??????,?????????????????????????????”??????????????,“????????????????,???????”

2011?????,“???????”????????????????«????»,????

9????23????,??????????????????? ??

??,???????

“???????????,?????????????”??????????,??????????????????????????????????

???20??????????80????????????????,?????????????,?????????,??“?????????”???????????????????????????

“?????????,???”?,?,???

?,1982??;1983??????«?»?????;????

???????????????,?????????????12???????????20??????????????(??)

?????:???????????????