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3???2023??

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5??????????

?10?????????????14??(??????)2024???“????????”??????10?????14?????,2024???????????,Daron Acemoglu,Simon Johnson?James A. Robinson???????????

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?????????????“?????????????”??????????????,????????“??”,??????“???????????”?????????

????1968???????????????,??????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,?????

??????“?”,?????????????????,???????????67???????2007??????????(Leonid Hurwicz),???,?90???????????????2019????????(Esther Duflo),????46???????????????

???????????,???????????????????,??????2009?????????????????????(Elinor Ostrom)?

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?????????“??????????”?

????1969?????2024??,????56???????????????,?90??????????,???????????

“???????????,????????????????,??”??????????????????????

1994?????????“?”?????????????????????«??????????????????»????????2015???????????????,????

2002??,??“?????,?”?????????????????

?????:2018?????????????????????????????

2018???????????????,?????????????(William D. Nordhaus)?????????????(Paul M. Romer),???????:“???”?“??????????????”?

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2017???????????????????(Richard Thaler)???????“??????????”??,?????????,???,?????????????,???,????????????????

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2019???,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????,????,?????????????????????????????????,???

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