????:1???????:?????????

2?????????

3?600??????

4???????

5???????200??

?(??????“??”)?«2024???????????»??,????????????????

????1987?,????,????,?,????2023????????????????????????????

??2023?????????????????????,178???????????????????????????????161??????(??????????????????????????????),???51440????????????????,?14227??????????????????,???27.7%,????

???,??????????????????????10%,???50??2023?????384?,????????????35.25??????????????????????,?????11.85??????????????????????????,????????????????????33.6%,???????????81.89????????????????????????,??????????

??????????????????,?1‰???????????????????????10??1%????????

???7?,???2071??,??????48.4%,????2023???????2.5%,????1625??,??????????????????????????6.57?,?????????????33.8%,?2023??3%,????;?????7.65?????????,??39.3%,???????

«????????????????»(Cell)?«?????????»(Nature)???????????????«?????»(Science)????????????2023????,???????????5907????,??395??,????????????????????????????2022????

???????10?,??16.20???????,??????(15.76???),????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????7??????????????????

?????????????????????,2023?????,?,??1/3?2023????????????????????,???????????????????20.4%??????????73.8%,?177??(????????????????),???????6???????????????????????????????????????????????????

??,??????????????2023?????????????????????,??,??????????????????

???????????,????????????2023???????????1/4?37???????,????????????????????2022????????????2??;????????????1/4??????????????149?,????????????2022?12?????????????????(????????? ??????) ???????????:???????