????:1????98??:??????

2????????app

3???9598??

4??????

5????????????

????2025??????2??????21????,??«??»???“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(?)”???????????????(?????????????????)????????????,?“??”(Kongming),?????“??”????,?????

??,????????,??????????????????“??????”???????1950??????????????????(??cAMP?cGMP)???????,????????????????,????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,??,??????KomA(??A)?KomB(???????B)?KomC(????????????????????????????C)?????????????????????????????,??????????(DNK)??????“???????????????????????”:KomA??DNK????????????????,???(dAMP)?dITP?????KomC?????????????????????NAD⁺,?????????????????“??”?????????????????????????,?????????????????,??“?”???????????,????“?????????????????????????????????????”??,?????

?????????,“?????????”?????????????,??(?????????????KomB-KomC??????KomA)??????????????,????????????dITP???:???,???????(??????????ADA?????????)??,???????????????????

(????????????? ????? ?) ???????:?????