?? ??????:«????????»,???????
![](http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/transform/200/w600h400/20190110/OSVO-hrkkweh6021176.jpg)
????:1??????95??98:??????????
2???????????
3???????
4?????????
5???????????
???2????19?????? ?:«??»,??????
??
????? ???????
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/cmshd/2025/02/19/4d05bd90a233473f899d62c7b24a6b95.jpg)
?,?????,?20??,1190??«???????????????»???,«????»????????????????,???????????????«?????»??????????????,?????????“???????”?????,?????????
?:
???????????:???????????????,???
??????:?,?????????
????,????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,???????????,????,????????,????????????????,????,??????,??
?,?????????????,????
?,?,???“?”???,????,??????“?????”????????????????,?????“?????????????”,??????“??????”??,????????“?”???,???“??”?????,?????????“?????”??,??????????
?????,?,???????????????????????????????????????????????
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/ypt/2025/250219/2eebfdca-47f9-42ec-9711-043c6cc851a8_zsite.jpg)
????:????????????,«???????»???????
?:«???????»???,????????????????????????,?????????,???????,?????37???,????????????????7????????????“???????????”,???
???????????,???????????????????????????,?800????????,??(???????????????8???????)?????(??????????158?????????)??????(???????28?);??(?5??????)??(????10????)????????????(???????????????????????156????????);?(??????????8?????????????)????????????????????(???????40??????????????)??????????????(???????410????????????????)?
«????»???,???????,??????????????,???????????????,?(??????)????????,??????????????????????????????(??????????????)?????????????,????????????????
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/ypt/2025/250219/d27b228e-8dcd-43b2-8887-0b6505eb6371_zsite.jpg)
?:????????????????????«?????»????????????????????
???????:??,«?»???????,???????????????????,????????????????????????,???,??,?????;?,???,???????
?,«?»???????????????,“????????????”????????,????????????,?????????????????????,?????????????“????????”?????????????????????????????????????????,??????????,??????????“???????”“??????”,??????,??????????,???????????????“????????????”??????,?????“???”??,«???»??????“???????????”“???????”“??”??????“???????”???????????????,???????????????????????????,??????????????????
??:«??????»??“?”????????????
???????????:13?,?,?????????????,?????????“????????????????????????”?1908???????????????1909?,???????,????????«?»?????????????????????????,???????«??????»???????,???“??????????????”,??????
?????,??????????????????????,??????????????,???????????,?;???????????????????,???,????????????,???????;?????,???????,?????????;???????????,?????,???????????????,?????????,????(???)
???????:
![](http://i2.chinanews.com.cn/simg/cmshd/2025/02/19/134e03a7ad084c1282800952e0e764de.jpg)
??,?????,?????????????,?????????????1??,??1??????????????,?????????????????1???????????????«?»«?»«???????»?????
???:?????????