????:1???????:??????????

2????????????

3??????

4??????9598

5????????????

??2025.1.20?????????????1173???????????????????«????»???

???????:???????????????

??,???????15%,???????????????“?”???

??????????8??????,????????????????,?????????????“????”???????????,???????????,????????????????????

??,????????????????,???????

2024???,??(????“???”)?????429???????????,???50.3%??????,????????????,?????????

???????????,???????????????????

2024??????????8?????????,??«???????????????»,??2015??????2021???????????5?????????????????????????,???

?,??????????????,??????????????????,????????,?????????????????,2024???80%???????????“??????”,????????????????????8????????

???????????(?????“??????????????????????”)??????,2024?????????????2025??????8.63??????????8.5????,??4.4%?1.5%?2020???????,???????9.95??????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????10??????,???????“???????????”?,??????????,???????,??13??????????????14???

????????“?”??????????????,?????????2035??,????????,????????????????????,?????????????????????????,?,?“?”????????

“2015??????,??????????????????,???????????????”????????????????«????????????????????»?

“2024??????????8??????????,??,????,???????”???

???????????????,??????,???2035????????,??2030??,?????????30%?

????“??-??”??????????????,????,????????????????,???????????,?????????????????????,?????????,?????????????????????????

?????????????????“??????????-???????????”??????????????????,????????,????????????????????,????????????????1.5????????????????????,??“???????-???”???????????????,??,??“???????????????????-??”,???75%?

??,???????????????????????“??????????????-????”???????????????????????,???2001???,?,??37%?2022???50%,????13???2022???????????,???????????????«??????????»(??????«?????»)??????,???????2025??,?????????????,????15%????????????????????????,?????????????2025???????

????????????:“?????????????,?,???????????,??????????????????????”

???????????????????,?,???????????

???????????????

????,2024???????????????????????4.58????????,??????????,????8.6%????????,????,??????

“??????‘??’????????????????????????,?????????????????,????,???????????????,?,?????,??,?????????????‘??’?” ??????????????

???????????????????????????2024??????????,?????????????3100??,????????????,?????????????????????,2024???????5750??????????????

“????????????????,?????????????????????,??????????,????????????,????????????”????????????????????(????)???«??????????»?

?????????,?????????????????(CBAM)??,????,???????????????????

“CBAM???????????????????????????,??????2026???????????,??????????,??????????????????,???”????????,???,CBAM??,?????????,?????????

?,????????????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????32%,????????????22%,??????????28%?

“?,??,???????,?????????????????????????????????,???????,??????????????????????????????,??”????

??,“????????????-???????”???????????????30%,????????????????????????????????????????(??)?????????????????,????????????????,?,????????????????????????????????,?????????????40%???????,???

2024??12????????????,???,??????????????????????150????????????,????????“????????-???”????,??????????????????70%??????????

??«????»:“????????????????????,?,????????????,??,??,??????????????????????????,????????????????,???”

“???????????????????????????????”??????????

?????“????”??????????,?????????,???????

“?????????,??????????????,???,????????,??,??????????‘????’,?????”?????????????

??,???????????????????“?????????????????????”?

“???????,?5000????????,??????‘????’????????????,??????????,????????5??????????????”???????????????,???????????????,??????????,??????????100??????????,??,???????????????????????

????????????????????????????????????????“????-???????????????????”??????“?????????????????????-??????????”?????????,????????????,2021???????????18.9????,????????????????100?????????,??????2%????????????????,?????“??-???”????????????,????945????

???????«???????????»,????????????????????????30????????50??????????????“?????????,????‘258?’,???????????????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,????????,???????????”

?????,????,???????????????????????????,?,????-???????????,??????????????????2???????????????????,???????????????????????,???“?-???”?????????????????????2035??

???????????,???????????16%,??????10%???????????????,??????????????,????30%?

“?????????,???,??????????????,«?????????????????»???????2022???????????200???????300?????”????????????????????

?????,?????????,??70%?????????

“2016?????,??‘??????????’,????,????????????????????,????????????????????????????”???,???,????????????,???????,???

??????????????:“?????????????????????,??????,?????????????????????,???????????????,????,?????????,????????300????????400?????/??????????????,?????,?????”

“???,?????10??????????????,??????????????,??????????????????,????????????????????,??????????,?????????,?????” ????????,«???»????“??”,??????????????

2024??,????????????????,??2030?????????????????????????????,??,??????????????“????????????????????”????,??????????

?????????????????“????”?

???????????????,??,??????????,??,???????????????16????????????????????,???????????23???

????:“??,????????????????????????????????????,????????????????,????????????????????,???”

??????????????????????????,?,??????

“???????????,???????,????????????????,??????????????????????,?,??,??????,??????????,???”??,????????????????????????????????,????????????

?????????????????,?????????????????????2025?????????2020??25%???,??????????????,????????????????????“????????????????????2025?????????100%?????????????????????????????????????????20%??????????????????30%????????25%????”,?????????????

“???,???????????????????????????,?????????????,????”????????

??,?????????????????????????

????????????«???????????????????????»(?«????????»)??????????????,??,?????????????????????????,?????

???????9?????,???????«???????????????????????????????????????????(??)»???,???????,?????,??,????“?????”?

«???????????????»??,???,?????,????

2024??????7????,???????????,????120??????????????

“???????????????,????????CBAM??,??????????,????,???”????????????

«????????»2025??????????????????????3??

????:???????????????«??????????????????»??????????? ?????????????:?????????