????:1???????????????:??????????

2???????????

3?????

4????????

5????????????

???????????2025.1.20????1173????«??????????»?

?????????????????????:???????????

????,???????????????????15%,??????????“????????”??

?8?????????,????????????????????,?“??????????”?,??????,???????

???,???????????????,??????

2024??,????(??“????”)???????429??,??50.3%????????,????,??????????????????

??????,???

2024??8??????,?????????????«??»,?????????????2015???????????2021??5???,?????

?????????????,?????,????,?????????????,????,2024??????????????80%???“????????”,????????8????????

?????????(????????????“???????”)??????????????,2024???2025????????????8.63???????????8.5????????????????????,???????????????4.4%?1.5%?2020?,????????9.95?????,??????????????????10??????,??????????“??????????????”?????,??,???????,?????????????13???????14??

??“????????????”??????????????????????,???????????????2035???????????????????????,?????????,????????????????,???,???????,??????????“?????????????????????????????????????????”?????????????

“2015??????,???????????????????,??????????????????”??????????????«??»?

“2024?????????????8??,???????,??,???????????????”????

????????????????,????????,?????????????2035????,????????????????????????2030???????,?????????30%?

??????“??????-?????????????????????????”???????,????????????????????,??,??,?????????????????,???????????,???????????

??“???-????????”?????????????,????????,???????????????????????????????????,??????????1.5?????????????????,??“??????-??????????????”?,???????????,????????????“???????????-??????????????”,?75%?

??,????“?????-???????????????”???????????????????????,???2001?????,????,??37%???????????????????????2022???50%,????????13??????????????????2022??,???«???????????????????»(?????«?????????»)??????????????,??????????2025???????????????????,???????????,???????15%????????????????????????????????????,????2025???

?????????:“???????,??????????,???????,????????”

???????,??????????,??????

????????

???????????,2024??????4.58????????,?????????????????,??????8.6%??????????????????????,??????????????,????

“????????????????‘??????????’??,????????,??,???????,????,?????????????????,???????????,????‘??????????’?” ???????????

?????2024???????????,??3100????????????,???????????,?????????????????,2024????????????5750????????

“?????????????,???????,????????????,?????????????,??????”???????????(??)?????????????«??»?

???????????????????,???????????(CBAM)????,??,????

“CBAM???????????????????????????,?????????????2026?????,???????,???,????????????”????,????????????,CBAM??,??,??

????,????????????????????????????,????32%,??????????????22%,??28%?

“?,????????????????????,?????,?????????,???????,????????????????????????????????????,????????”????

????,“???-?”???????????30%,????????????????(???????????)???????,??????????????????,???????????????????,????????????,??40%?????????????,???????????

2024??????????12??,??????,???????????????150?????????????,??????????????????????“???-????????”???????????,?????????70%????????????????

??????????????????????«??»:“??????????????????,???,????????????,??,??????????????????????????,???????,???,????”

“??”??????

????????????????“???????????????????”?????????????????????,???????????,????

“???,??????,???????????????,???????????????????,??????????????????,????????‘???????????’,????”??????????

????????????????????,????????????????“?”?

“?????????,??????????????5000?????????,??????????????‘?????????????????’??????????,?,??????????????5???”?????????????,???????,??????????????????????,??????????????????100??????????,???????????,????????????????????????????

??????????????????????????????“?????-?????????????”??????“??????????????????-??????????”??,??????,2021???????18.9??????,??????100????????????????,??2%????,??????????“??????????-???”????????????????,??????945?????????????????????????

????????????«????»,??????????30??????????50??????????“?????????,??????????‘258??????????’,???????????????,????????????????????????????????????,???????????,????????????????????????”

??????????,?????????????????,??????????????????,?????????,?-?????????,??2??,?????????,????“?????????-??????????”?????2035????

??,????16%,??10%?????,????,????????30%?

“?????,?????????????,??????,«???????»?2022?200???????????300?????????????????”???

???????????????????????,????,??????????70%?????????????

“2016?,?????????‘????????????’,????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????,?????????”?????????????????????,???,????,???????????????,????????????????

?????????????:“???????????????????????,???????,???????????????????????????????????????????????,??,??????????????????,???????????????????,?????300?400???????/???????,??????????????????????,?????????????????????”

“??????????,???????????????????????????10??????????,??????,??????????,???????????????,?????????,????????????????????,??????????????????” ?????????,«???????????»??????????????????????“????”,????????????????

2024???????????????????,????????????,???????2030?????????,??????,??“?????????????”??????,?????

????????“?????????”?

????????,???,??????????????????????????,????????????????????,?????????16???????????,??????????????????????????23??????????????

??????????????:“?,???????,????,???????????????????????????,???”

??????????????????,??,?????????

“????,??,???????????????????,????????????????????,??????????????????,?????,??????????,????????????????,???”??????????????????,??????????,???????????????

??????????????????,???2025???2020??25%????????????????????,?????,????“????2025?????100%????20%???????????????????30%????25%??????????????????”,?????????????

“??,??????????,?????????????????????,?????”?????

??????????????,?????????????????

???????????????«????????????»(????????«???????????»)??????????,??,????????????????,????

????????????9????????????????????,????????????????????????«????????????????????(????????)»????????????????????????????????,???????????????,????????,????,????????“???????????”?

«?????????»????,??????,??,??????????????

2024??7???????????????????,????????????,????120?????????????????

“?????????????,?????????????????????????CBAM??,????,???,??????????????”???

«??»2025??3?

???????????:??«????????»?????????????? ???????????:??????