???????????3????????

????:??????????:????

?????????????,???

2024 ?????,??????????????,?«?????????????»(?????????“???”)????,???,???????????? 3 ??????????,????,????????????? 7.86%,????????????????????????????

???????????,2018 ????????? OECD(???????)?? 3 ?? 33.8%???,???????,??????????“??????”??????,????????

??????,??“?????????????”?????,?????

??????,????????????????2025???????,???????????????????“???????”????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????????

???,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ?????????????-3 ??,?? 6 ????????????????;????????????????????????????????????????;????????????????????

??????????????????2024 ?? 11 ???????,?????????????????? 20 ?«????»????????,???,??

????????????????3?????????????

???,??3??????????????????????

?,2018??,?????????3????????????,?????????????,??2????92.1%??,2???????????56.5%,1?????????33.2%?

?????????,???????????“?”,????????????????

?,2018??????????????????OECD ?????????????3???? 33.8%????,2024?????????????,?????????????3??7.86%?

??????,??,???????????????????????

«2019???????????????»(????????????“2019???????”)??6??15-49 ????,?27.6%??????????????? 2016 ??????????,???????????????????? 1/3 ???2024??,????,????????3???????????

??????????????,?????

“????,????????????????????????”

??????????,????????????Papi??????????,?1??????3???????????????,???“????”“??,???????????????”???????????

???????????2019?????????,?????????????????????????????????

???,???????????,???????,??,????????,????????????

?????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????????2019 ??,?????????????,????

????????????????,?????2017?(???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)??????0-3 ????????????(??“??”??????)??,??,?12%???????

???,??2019????????????????,??????,??????????????????????????0-3???,??????????????????????????????2.2%???????????

??????????????????,?????????,???????????,??????????????????????????????????????,?????????????

?????????2024???????,2023???????????,????????89.5%,????????(????)??????1978???,?????????????5500????????????????????????????????????,???????,?????????,2023???????46.7%?

“(????)????,??????????????,”???????????,?????????????????,??????????????1???2??,??????????????????????

????????????2024??12?,????????????0????1????????????????????????????,????????1-2????1:3,???2-3????1:4?

?????????,??????,?????,??,??????

?,????????????????????,??2????????????????????????,???,????????????????,????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????

??

?,??????????????,????????

2022?????CFPS???,10???,?????????,????????????

??????????????,??2012??????????2022??,????????????????3??????????????6%??????????????????,????

?????????,??,2022??????3???58.7%?

????????????,?????????????????,?????????

?????????????????????:???????????????,???

????2019?????????????,?????,??????????????????3??????????????“?”?

???????????????????????,???????????????????,?????????????

??????,?????????????????????,????????????,???????????????????

??????20????????????????50????70??,?????????,?????????????,1954?????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????4003????????,2670??????,?????,???

?????????????,1950???????,???????????????,????????????????

????????????,????,1960???????????70%,?????

??,?????????????,1963?????????????????2975????????????

?????,???????,1984??

“?????”???????????????????????1955???,??????????????,?????????????,???????????????????????????????????,???????,???????????????

?????????,?????????,????????,??,??????????????75%~85%,???90%?

???????,??20??????????????90???

??????????? 20?????????????????????????????????90??????????????????????,????????,??????,??

?????????????????,????????,1981?,???????20?,??562??????????,????10.5?????????2022??????,?????????30????????????????????,????1414??????????????????

???????21??,??????????????????? ???????????,?????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????

??,????????,??????

????2015???????????????????,????????????“?????????????”??????????,?????2022??,??????? ,??????????????,??

??,??“??????????”???,???????????“???????”???,??????????????????????????????????????????,2021???????????????????,??????“??????????”,?????300?????????? ?????????????????????????100?,?????????????????300?????

?????,??,???????????????“????????”“??????????????”?????????“????”??,???????????

????????????????,???,??,??????,????????????????????????????????,???,???????,??????

??«??????»??????,???????????20??????????????,?????,??,?????????????????????,????“???????????????????????????????????”???????????????????,???????:“?????????????,???????????”?(??????? ??????????? ? ????????????????????????? ?????????) ????:??????????