????:1???100??????:??????

2???????????

3???????????

4??????200???

5??????

??????????11?????23??????????? ????????:??????????????“????????????????”?????????

????????????????????

??? ?? ???????? ??

“?????????”?????11???18?????????????????20????????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)????????“??”????????????????????,?????????,“???????????????”????????????????,??,?,???????????“???????????????”,??????????,???????????

????????:

????:??????????????????

????????????????:20???70?????,??????????,????????????????,???????????????,????????????,??,????“?”?

??????(Thomas Berry),??“??????”?????“???????”??????????,??????????(William Theodore de Bary)??,????????????????????????(Carlton Hayes)??????????????????

2024???11???????20?????,“???”???????????????????????????????????????????(??????????????)????????????????? ??????????? ?????????????

??:???????????????“??????????”??????,????????

????????????????????????:???????????????“??”“???”“?????????”???????????,“????”???????????????????????,????“????????,????;????????????????????,??”,?????????????????????“?”?????????????????

“???”???????,???????“?”,?????????“?”???????,??,????????,??????????,?“?”??????“????”?????“?”????,??????,????“?????”????????????

?????,?,????????????????????????????????? ???????? ?????????

??????:???????????“??”“????????”“???????”????,???????????

??????????????????????:???????????,?????“?”,?????“????????????????????????????”,???“??”???“????????????”??????

??????????????????,?,????,???,??????“???????”????,????????????,???????????????????????,??????

?:???

???????????????????????????????????:?,?????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????……??,??????“?????????????????????”????????

70???«??»????,?????????????,???????????????????“?”?????«??????????»,???????????????????????,?????????,???????????????,????????????????????,??,????,?????????????????

??:??????????

???????????:??,???,????,??????????,?????,?,????????????????,?????????????,??,????

??,??,?????????????“??”?????,?????“????????”????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????,?????,???????????????????????????

2016???,?????,??????????112?????????????? ????? ??????????????????

?????????,??,??“????”???????????????????????????,???????????,????,??????????????????,??“?”,???(???)

??????????:

?????????????????????????????????????????? ?? ??

??????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),???,????????????1997?????,???????????????«??????»«???»?????«????»?

??????:?????