???|???:?????????????????

????:??????????2023:?????

?????????1?????????7???? ???????????????????????????:???

???

???? ??? ??

?????2024?????????????10???????????????21????,?????????99?????????????????????????20??????????,?????????????????“???”???????????????????

?????????(??)???2022????“????????”???????«??????»?????

????????????????????:

????????????:??????

?:????,?????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????“?????????”?

??,????????????«??»«????????????????»«????????????????,??»,???????«?????????»,??????????«??????»«???»«????????»«????»«??»??,?????????????????«???»«???????????,?????????,????»«????????????»???

???????«??????»?????«????»??“???????????”,?1990?????“?????????????”,?????«????,??????»?????????????????????«?»,??,??,????,?????

?????????:?????

????:????«?????????»???:“??????,???????,????,?????”?????????????????,?????,???????????,???????????????,??????24????????????,?????????????,?????????????????????????????????,???????????

?????,?????,«???????????????»???????????????????????????????,????????????????????,?????«??»????????“????”??????????????????????“????”????????,??“???”????,“????????????????????”?????????

??????,?«??????????»???????,???,????,«??????????????»????,????

???10????????????(?????????????????????) ?????????? ?? ????

???????????«?????»?????????????????????????«?????????????????»,????????????????????«?»????,??

??????:???????????????????????????????????(Iowa,?????????“??????????”)“?????”???“?????”,?????????

?????????:1964??,????????????????,???“????????????????????”????????????1967????????????????????,????????????“???”,??????????,??????????????????

??????,“?”???100????????????1000????????????????????,????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????(?)???? ?????????? ??????

1979????,??????“???????????”,????????????????30?????????,????100????“?”??????????“??”?“??????”?,???????,?????????????

“????????”?“?????”,?????????,????????,????????????,??????????????????????

???:??????????

??:??????????????????????,?????????????????????????,??????,?????????????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????,????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,???:“??????????,??????????”??????????????????????:“??,?????,?????‘????????’?”???????,???

????????????????????????????,??,??????????????????????,?????,???????

?????“???”?,???????,?????,????????,????,???????????(??????????????)

????:

?????????????

??,?????,??????????????«?????»«?????»«??????»«????»«???????????????»??????????????????,?????«??????????????»«???????»«????»??????

??:??????????