?????????,????????????

2024 ?????????????,?????????,?????????????????«???????»(??????“???”)???????????????????????????????????,?,????? 3 ????,?????????,??????????? 7.86%,???

????,2018 ???????????? OECD(???????????????????????)????????????? 3 ? 33.8%???????????????????????,????????????,??“????????????????????????????”???????????????,????????

?????????,????“??????”?,????????????????

??,??2025???????,???????????????“?”????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????????????

???????????,??????????????????????????????????????? 6 ?????????????????-3 ?????????????????????,?? 6 ?????????????;????????????????????????????????????????;????????

?????????2024 ?????? 11 ??,???????????? 20 ????????????«????»???????????,????,????????

???????3????

????????????,??????????????3???????

????????????????,2018??,??????????????????????3???????????,????????????????????????????,???????2?????92.1%??????????????????,2??56.5%,1??33.2%?

??,????“??”,?????????????????????????????????

??????????????,2018??OECD ??3???????????? 33.8%????,2024?????,????????????3??7.86%?

??,????,??????

«2019?????»(????????????????“2019??????????????”)??6????????????????????15-49 ?????????????????????,???27.6%??????? 2016 ??????,???? 1/3 ??????????????????????????2024?????,????????,??3?????

?????????????,????

“??????????,?????”

?????????????????,?Papi????,?????????1????????????????3?,????????????????????“??”“????????????,????”??????????????????????????????

???????????????2019????,??????????????????????????????????????????????

???????????????????,??????????????????,??????????????,?????????????,?????????????????,??????

????????????,????????????,??????????????2019 ???????????????,????????,???

???????,????????????2017???(????????????????????????????????????)????0-3 ??????(??“??????????????”?????????)?,?????,?????????????12%??????????????????

????????????,??2019????????????????,?,??????0-3??????????????,?2.2%???????

?????????????,?,?????????????,????????,??????

?????????????2024??,2023?,??????????????????????????89.5%,???????????????(??????)?????1978???,??5500????????????????????????????????????,?????,??,2023??46.7%?

“(??)?????,??????????????????????????????,”???????????,????,??????????????????1??????????????2?,???????????????

??2024??12??,??0???1????????????????????????,????????????????????????1-2??1:3,???????2-3???????1:4?

??????????????????????,?,??????????????,???,?????????

????,????????????????????????????,???????????????????2???????,?????????,???????,???????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????,???

????????????????

?????????,??,????????????

2022????CFPS?,10???,????????,????????????

???????,???????????????????2012???????????????2022???,?????????????????3??6%??????????????????????,????????

?????,???????????,2022????????????????3???58.7%?

??????????????,??????????,???????????????

??:?,???????

????????2019???,????????,??????3???????????“????????”?

??,?????????????,???

???,????????,??????????????,???

?????????????????20??50???????????70??????,??????????????,?????????????,1954??????,?????????4003????????????,2670??????????,??,???????????

??????,1950??????????????,?????,???

??????,??????????,1960???70%,???

?????????????????????????,?????,1963??????????????????????2975?????????

????,???,1984???

“?”??????1955?,??,??????????,????????????????,?????????,???????????????????????????

???,???????????????,???????,?????????,???????????????????75%~85%,??????????90%?

????????????????????????,?????20???????90???????????

????????????????????????? 20??????????????90??????,???????????????????,??????????????????,????????

??,??,1981??,????????????????20???????????,???562??????????????????,?????10.5?????????2022??????,?30???????????????,??????????1414???????????????????

?????????21?,?????????????? ?????????,???????????,??????????????

?????,????????????????????????,????????????????????????

?2015?????????????,??????????????“??”??????????????,???????????????2022????????,?? ,?????,???????????

?????????????,?????????????“?”??????,????????????????“???????”?????,????????????????????????????????????????????,2021?????????,?“?????????”,???????????????????300?????????????????????????????????? ???100?,?????????????300?????????????

?,?????,??????“??”“???????????”???????????“?????????????”??,??

???,?,??,?????????????????,???????????????????,??????????,????????,??????????

?????????????????????????????????«??»???,????????????20???????,??????????,?????????????????????,???????????,?????????????????????“????????????????????????????????????”?,??????????????????:“????????????????????,???”?(?????? ???? ??????? ? ??????) ??????????:???

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