????:1???????:????sn

2???????????

3????????

4?????

5????????

?????????2????13????????????????????????? (??????????????? ????)??????????,????????????,??,?????

????????????????????????????????????????????????13???,?????????,????????????155±9GPa,??40%???????,??????1100?,??900??

??????1967??????????????,???“??????????????????????????”???????????????????,??????,???????????????????????,???????????????????????????

???,???????????????????????,??????????????????50GPa??????????????,??“????????”?????????????,??,??????

?,?????????????????????????,???

?????,????????1.2???????????????????????????,???????????,?,?????????????????????????,?????(???????????????????????) ???:???????????????