?????????????3??????

????:???????????:????????

??????????????????,????????

2024 ??????,???????????????????,???«??????»(???????????“??”)??,??,??? 3 ???????????????????????????,???????????????????,?????????? 7.86%,??????????

??,2018 ??????????????? OECD(??????????????)????????????????? 3 ???? 33.8%??????????????????????,??,????????????“???????”????,???????

?,?????“?????”???????,????????????????????????

?,????????????2025???????????????????,??????“??”??????????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????

?????????????,?????????????????????????????? 6 ?????????-3 ????????,?? 6 ??????????????;???????;????????????????

??????2024 ????????????????? 11 ??,???? 20 ???????????????«??????????»???,?????????,????????????

??????????????3???????????

?????????,?3???????????????

?,2018???,???3??,??????????????????????????,???????????????????2????92.1%???,2??56.5%,1????33.2%?

???????,???????“????”,??????????????????????????

??????,2018???????????OECD ???3?????????????? 33.8%??????????,2024??,?????????????3???7.86%?

?,??????????????,???

«2019???????????????»(????“2019?????”)???????6????????????????????????15-49 ???????????????,???27.6%??????????????????????????? 2016 ????????????????,????????????? 1/3 ????????????????????????2024????????????,??,???3?????????

?????????,???????

“?????,???????”

?????????????,??????????????????????Papi?,???????????1?????????????????????????????????3??,??“??????????????”“???,??????”??????

??????????2019????????????,????????????????????????

?????????????????,???????????????,?????????????????????????,??,??,?????

?????????????????,??????,????????????????????????2019 ?????????????,??,????

???????????,???2017?????(????????????????????????)??0-3 ?????????????(????????????“??”???????)??,?????,???????12%??????????????????????

??,?????????????????2019??,???????,???0-3??????????????????????????????,????2.2%????

?????????????????????????,?????????,?????????,?????????????,????????????????

??????2024???,2023?????,?????????????????89.5%,???????????????????????????????????(?????????????????)?????????????????????????1978?,???????5500???????????,???????????,?????????????,2023??46.7%?

“(??????)?????????,???,”???????????,??????????,??????????????????1????????????????????2????????,???????????

??????2024??12???,?0?1???????????,?1-2??????????1:3,??????????????????2-3?????????????????????1:4?

???????????????????????????????????,??????,?????????,??????????????,??

????,?????????,????????2?,????????????????,??,????????????????????,??????????,??????????????

?

??,????????,?????????

2022????????CFPS???,10??????????????????????????,??????????,???????

???????,????????????????2012??????2022?????????????,?????????3??????6%???,?????????????????

????????,?????,2022?3???58.7%?

?????????,???????????????????,?????????????

????????:?,??????????????

????????????2019????,?????,???????3??????????????“??????????????”?

????,??,??????

???????,??????,????,??????????

??????????20???????????????????????50????????????70??,??,????????????????,1954????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????????4003??????????,2670?????????????,??,?????????

?,1950???????????,????????????,????

????????,?????????????????????????????????,1960?70%,??????

??????????????,????????????????????????????????????????,1963??????2975???????????????????????

?,???,1984??

“????”??????????????1955??????,??????,??,????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????

??????????,???????,??,??????,?????????????????75%~85%,??????????90%?

?????????????,?????????????????20??90???????

???????????????? 20????????90????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????,??????????,???????????????????????

????????????,???,1981???????,???????????20????,?562?????????????,?10.5??????????2022?????,??30????,???1414?????????????????

???????21??????,????? ?????????????,??????,??????????????

?????????????,?,??

??2015????????,?????????????????“??”??,???????????????????????2022??????????????,??????????????? ,????????,????

?????????????,??????????“??”?????????????????,?????“?????????”???????????,????????????????????,2021??,??????“?”,??????300??? ??????????????????100??????????????????,????300?????????????????

??????????,???????,?“??????????”“???”?????????????????????????“?????”??????????,???

??,????????,???????,??????????,????????????????,???,???????????,??????????????????????????????

?????????«????????????»?????,??????????????????20????????????????????,?????????,??????????????,????,?????????????“????????????????????”?,??????????????????????????????????:“????????????,?”?(?????? ??????? ?? ????????????? ?????) ????????????:????????????