????!????|?????????????

????:??????:95?98?????

?????????,??«??????????»????,??????;

11????,?,???????????????????200???????????;

???????????????,??????,?????????????????????????12???????10?????;

????????????????,???,????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????????,????

4??????????????,????,????????????????,???????????????????????

8????????,??,???????????????????????«????????»?

????????72%,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???27%,????(GDP)??21%?

“??????????????????????????”1999??????2019????«?????????????????»?????,?????????????,????????

?????????????????????????????“????????????”???????????,???????????????

(??)??????:??????????????,??????????

2019??????????,??????“???????????????”?“???”??????

???????????????4????,??????????,?????,???

??????

????????????

????“?????????”??,??????????????????????????????????????,???20??????????

???????????

?????,??,???

????????,????

???????,??????????,?????????,??????????????

2021?????????5???????????,????????????????????,????5??????????????,???????309??????????,??????6%???????????????,???600?????

40?,?“?”?????????????????????????????,??“??”???“????????????????”?????????????????????????????4.8???,???12.8??????,????????“????????????????”?

???,??????????

?????????????,????,???????,??????????????,???????6000?????

??????????????……??????,“??????”??????

????????????,????????,???“???????”???,???????????“???”???????????,????????????????????????????

????????,?,???????????????????????????9??????

(????????)?????:?????????????,????????

??????????,????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????,????????????????????????????????,????????,????

????????,???????????,??????????????????????????“???????????”,?????????????

??????,??????,?????????????????????,????“????????????????”?

?????????????,???????????????????12???????,????????????“??????????????”???????,???,?????

????,??????,?????????????,????????????,????

?????????“???”??????,?????????

????????????????????13??,????????????????????????“??????”??????????????????,?????,??????????????????????????,?????????,??125????????????????????????542??????????????????????

????????,???????????????,???,????10??,???????

??????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????……“???????”??“??”??????

2020???????????????,????????????4??????,??????????????????????,???15.4%?

“?????????????????????‘???????????????????’????”???????

2023?????????????????????,?????,?????????????????????,????????

????

???????,?????????,?????????????????,?????,??;????????????????,????????;?????,?????,???????????,????????????????????????????……

??,?????????????,??,??,???????????,???

(??????????????)???:???????,??????????????????

“????,??????????????????????????,??,?????????????????,????????????”2021????

?,??????????????

????2023?????????,???????????????6.4?????,???????????220??????????,?????????????97%???20??,??????????????????????

“??????????”“??,??????”……???????????????????????????????,????????????????????,??“??????”??,????????

??,????,????85%????,??????,???????????????????????

??,?????????????“????”???????3????????,?????“????????”???????,??“??”????“??”,????????????

????????,????????????,??,?????????????????

?????????????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????……?????,?????????

“????????”???????

???,??2035????????,???????,“?”????;“?”?????,??22??,??????

??,???????????,????????????????,?????????

(??????)??:“???”??,??????????“??”???????

???,??????????:??????,????????????11?????,“??????????”??????????,?????????????,??

???????????????????,“??”??,??????:?????

?????,“?????????????????????”???????????????????????????????2023???????????,?1????????????,????;??????,??5??4?????,????????????????????????????????????

??????“????”?????,?????????

?????,???????????“???????????????????????????”???????????????????????????????????????,?????????“?”??????,?????

????,??????????

???????????“????????????”???9?????,????????7????????????????????,?“????+???+?????”“???+?????????????+??”????,?????

???????????????????????,????????????????,??“????????”?“??????????”,????????

?????????????????????????????????2021???,?????????????“???”??????“????????????????”????????

?????????????????????,??:?,?????????6????“?????”???????,?????????????????????????,??

??,?“AI???”????,??AI??70%???,????????:

“?????”??????,????????????;???????,??15%;???????????????AI ????????????

(??)???:??????“?????”,??????“??????”????????

????????????12?????????3000???????????????,???5??????,????????????????????,?????????

“?????????,?????????????????????????????,?????????????????????,?,??????????‘???????????’?”??????????

???????,???????????????,??“????????????????”“??????????”“?”:

???????????????33???????6????????????????;??,??????????????????“???????”???;????,?????“????????????????”??????????……

????????“???????”,?,????????????“????????????????”,????????

?????????????????????,?????????????????????

“????”????????????????,?“???????????????????????????????????”?????????,??????????,??????????????,???????????????????,??????????????????????????????,?????

??,????????????????,???,???????????????????????????????????2023????????,???????????????50????????????????????,?????????

?????????????????????,???,????

????????????,????????,????????????“?????”????,????????

(???????????)??:“?????????????????????????”??????,“???????”????

“??????????????”,????,????????????????:??????????????????????????????????????……??,?“?”????,??6?????,??,???????????(BBC)??????,????????????????????

“???????”,????????????????????,??4?????,???????????????????,??????????????????

“??”??????????????????,?????“????????????”???????????,?????????????????????,???????

????????????????????????????????,???????“??????????????????”“????”???????,?????????,?????,?????????????????????

?????????,??????????????????????????????????,???,??????

????????,???,????????,??????????????,“?????????”?????

“?????”????????????,???????????????,?????????,??????

???????,??????????“??”??,???;??????????????????“?”????,????????“??”????100??;?,?“??”?“??????????????”???

????????????“???”????????????????:??????????,??“?????????”??????????,????????????????????;??,???????????“???????”??;???????,????????????“???????”???,?????……

(?????)??:???????“??”,?“???”??“?????????????????”

??,???????????“??”????«???????????????»,????????????????

“??????????????????,???????,?????”????????????

2023?????,??????????????????????72.21????????????????,???5??“????”?

“?????????????,???????????”……20????80??????,??????,?????

???,???:

?????630?????,?????????????????1??????????7????,????????6.6%;???????10??????????????????,???????500????,????60%……

???

??,??3????50%???,???100????????????????????320??????????????????;??????18???,25????……

??,??????????“?????”?“????”????,????????

???????,“???????????”????????4??????90%???????????????????????,??????

??,??????????9?????????????????????????????5???????????,????????????2019????????5.8?????????2023??????????????????????8.1???????

????“????????????????????”????,????????????

??,??????“???????????????”????????“????????”,?????????????“????????”????“?????????”,???????“????????”?????“?”,??????????????????3??,???????

2021?????????,????????????????“?????????????????????????”????????“??????”?

???????,????????????????????“?????????????????”??????“??”,?????????????

??,?????:????????????,??,????;???,????????,??????????,????;??????,??????????;?,??

(???)????????????:??????,???

?????????????,???????????????????5?????????????,?????????70%?????????

????????????,????????????????,??????

?5??????,???????«???»?????????,???????,??????2????????,???????77%;????????2337?????????????????????,????????????160%?

???????????????59???????,????20????

??????????????????????,????????????????????????,???,???????????,???

????????????????,?????????????????????????????,?????????????

??????????,????,??……???????????,?????????????????,??

??????????????????????????6???????????????1??;?????????????????210?????????,??21???;?10??????????,?7???,?50??????????????……

????????????,??????,????????????????????????,????????,????,????

??74??,???,????????;?????????,???????,????;???????????(?)??????????,????????????????????????……

?????:“??????????????,??,????,???????”

(??)?:??,??

?,?????????????????

2023???????,???????????GDP??:????????????;GDP?????????????????4000?????????????????10???????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????,?????????????????????????,???????,?????

????????2023???????????2.8???????????????11????2???????????????,????????????1??????,???????????????17%?

??,???????????????????????????????????2023??,???????????3100?????????????,??????????????????2100???????,?????1300?????????,??????

??????????????,??

????????????10??????,????????????10%??,??????????????????????????,??????????????????????

????????2021?????????????,«?????????»?“??”?

????,?????????????????????????,?“??????????????????????????????”????,????,?????,????????????????????????,?????????

????????,????????????GDP40365.7????,???5.8%,???

???,??????,???????????,???

??,????????????,????????????????;????,????????????????????????????;??????????,??????,????;?????????????,???????????????????????????????????“??”?

???????????????????,?,???,????????

(??)???????????:??????????,??????????

????????????,??“???”:??,??????????????94%,???????????????????6%??????????????,???????????????,????

????????????,??,???????????,??????????????17.1%,?????????GDP???????????????30%?

28????,??????????????????«??????»,?????????“???????”???????????????,??????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????,?????????,????????????????????????????????

?,??????????????“????????,??????????????????????”?

??????,“??”??“???”?????????????????,????????????????;??,????????????“????????”,?????????????????

??????,??????????????????,?;??,???????,?????????????????;2023???????????????????,??????????????,??,??“?????????????+????”???????????

2023????,????????????8?????10??????????231.9????,???????????????????????????3045????2.5?????????

?????,??“?”,????????????“??????????????????”,????????????????????“??”?

“????????,??,?????????????”???,???????????

?????????????????,?????????????????????,???????????????????????????,??,???????

??????????????:11???????27??????????????????????«????»

??:???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????:????