?????????????3??????

?????????????????????????,??????

2024 ???,?????????????,?????????????«??»(????????????“??????????”)??,??????,?? 3 ??????????????,????????????,?? 7.86%,????????????

?????????????,2018 ???? OECD(?)????????? 3 ????? 33.8%???,??????,????“???????”????,???

??????????,????“????????????”??,?????????

????,??????2025?????,?????????????“?????????????????”??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,????????

??????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ??????-3 ??????????,????? 6 ????????????;???????????????;?????????????

??????????2024 ? 11 ??????,? 20 ???????????«??????????»??????,?????????????,???????????????????????

???????????????????3?????????????

?????????????,???????????????????3??

???????,2018????????????????????????????,?3???????????????????,???????,????????????2?92.1%??????,2??????56.5%,1????33.2%?

???,??“????”,????????????????

?????,2018?OECD ???3??????? 33.8%????????????????????????????????????,2024??????????????,?????????????????????????????????3??7.86%?

???????????????,????,??????????????

«2019?»(????“2019???”)??6?????15-49 ??,??27.6%??????????????????????????????????? 2016 ?????????,???? 1/3 ???????????2024?,???,????????????????3?????????????????

??,???????????????????

“??????????????????,????”

?,????????Papi???????,???????????????1????????????????????3???????,?????????“???????????”“??????????,???????????????????”???????????????

?????????????2019???????,???????????????????????????????????

????,?,???????????,??,?????????,???

????????????????????????,?????,?????????????????????2019 ??,??????,????????????????

?????,?????2017??????(????????????????????????????????????????????)??????????????0-3 ???????(??????????“??????????”?)??????????????,???????,??12%?????????

???????????????,??????????2019???????????,??????????,????0-3??????????????,????2.2%????????????

??,???????????,?????????????????????????,?????,????????

????2024????????,2023??????,????????????89.5%,???(?????)?????????1978???,??5500????????????????,??????,???????,2023????????46.7%?

“(??????)???,????????????,”?,?????,?????????????????1????????2?????????,???

?????????????????2024??12???,?????????????0??????1????????????,???????1-2?????????????1:3,???????????2-3??????????????1:4?

????????????????????????????,??????????????,????,???????,???????????????????????

?????????????,?????,??2???,??????,???????????,?,?????????????????????,??????

??????

??,???????,??????????????

2022???CFPS??????????????,10??????????????,??,?????????????????????

???????????????,?2012??????????????????????2022??,???????????????3?6%????,??

??,??????????,2022???????????3??58.7%?

????????????????,??,??

???????????:??????,??????

???????????????????????2019???????,???????,????????3??????????????????????????“??????????????????”?

??,??????,???????????

???????,?????????,????????????????????,??

????????????20?????????????????????????????50???????????????????70??,??????????????,???????????????????????????,1954?????????????????????,???????????????????????4003?????????????,2670?????????????,????????,??????????????

???????,1950?????,??,???

??????????????,??????????????????,1960??????70%,???

???,?????????????,1963?????????????????2975??????????

???,?,1984??????????????????????

“?????”??????????1955??,?,?????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,??????,????????????????????????????????????

??????????,???,????????,????????????????,??????????75%~85%,?????????90%?

??????????????,??20??????????????90??

?? 20???????90???,???????,????????????????????????????????,??????

?????????????????,?????,1981?????????????,???????20??,?????????562????????????,????????????????10.5??????2022???,??30????????????????????????,?????????????????1414??????

??21??,????? ????,??????????,???????????????????????

??????,????,????

??2015???????,????????????“???????????????????”?????,?????????????????????2022????????,?? ,?????????????????????,?????????

????,??“?????????????????????????”????????,??????????????“???????”????????????????????,????????????????????????????????,2021??????????????????,????“??????”,??300???????????????? ??????100?????????????????????????????????,?????300???????????

?,?????????????????,??“?????????????”“?????????????????”???????????“?”????????????????????????,??????????????????

??,???????,?????????????????????,????????,?????????????,?????????,???,???????

??«??»????????,??????????????????????????20??????????,?,??,???,?????????????“????????????????????????????????????????”???????????????????????,???????????????????????:“??,??????????????”?(???????????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ????) ????????????:????