????:1??????????:?????????????

2????????

3???????

4???????????

5???????

??1??1? ?????:?????????????«???»???“??????????????????”?

????????????

??????????? ?? ???? ?????

«??????»????????,????????«???»?????????????,??????«??»????“???????????”???????“?????”?????,??????????«?????????????»??“???”?

?:

?????????:«????????????????»???????????

????????????:«?????????????»??2??????????,??1.6????????????,???????????,«?????»????,??????????,???

«??????????????????»?????,??????????????????,???????????????????????,?????????,????????,????,????????????????????????,?????,???????????????????,?????,????????????,???????????

2023?????1??17?????????????????,??«???»???????????? ??????? ????????????

???????:«????????????»?“??????”?

???????????:????«??»?????“????????????”??????????????????“?????”???????,???????????????

?????????????????????,????,???????????????????????,«?»?????

????????????“??????”,??????????“???????”????????????????????????,???,???????

?????????,????“?????????”????????????????????????,????????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????“?,????????”?“?????????????????”????,????????????,??,???????,???????

??????????????????????:???????,«???????»??“???????????????”??????????????,«?????»??????????????????????????

?????????????????????:?????,???????????,??????,?????????,??????????????????,?????,???,???

?????????????????????,???????????

??????????????????????,????????????????????,?,?????????????“????”????????,???

???????,«?????????????»???????????????????????????«??»?,??????????????????,????????????????????«?????»?????,????,??,?????????????,??????????????“????????????????????”???????????,??????

?????,???????????“?????”????,?????????????????????,???,?????,??????

?????:«???????????????????»?????

????:??????,«?????????????»??????????,????“??????”?????????????«?????»?????????????«????»?,??????

?????????“?”?????????(???“????”“????”???????“??”)????????,?????,??????????

???????,???????,?,????????“???????”,?,????,??????????????

«?????????????»????????????????(??????????)

?,????,????“?????????????”,????????,?“???????”??????????????,?,??????????,?????????“????”??,«?»??????

????,????,?????,??????????????«?????»??,?????????????,?????,????????,?????????????????????????????????????,??????

????:«???????»?????????????????????,«????»????????

?????:??????????«????»??????,??????,???????,???????????????,?????«??»?,?????????“??????????,??”??????,?????“?????”,????«????????????????»,?????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,?????????

????????????,«??»?????,?,???????????????????????????????,«????????»????,?????????????????????????,????????????,??,?????????

«??????????????????»?(?)

1860?????????,«?????????????»????,????????????????,???????«???»?????????????,????1981???(?????),?????«????»??????????????

?????????????????:??????«?????????»?????

?????:??????????????“??”,?«????????»????????????????????,?????????????2023??,????????????“???????”?????????,?????,???,?????????,????????????????????????,??

???????????????,??«?????»????«?»??????????“?????????”?(????)

???????????????????:??????