???????????3????????

??

???????????????????????,??

2024 ????????,?????????????,?????«???????????»(???????“??????”)??,?????,???????????????? 3 ???????,?????????????,??? 7.86%,???????

??,2018 ????? OECD(??)? 3 ??????????? 33.8%?????,???????????,??“????????”??,?????????

???????,???“?????”????????,???????????????????????????????????????

?,??????2025???,??“??????????????”??????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????

????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????? 6 ???????????-3 ???,?? 6 ?????;??????????????????????;????????????????????????

??????2024 ???????????? 11 ??,????????????????????? 20 ??«????»??????????,?????????????,????????????????????

???????????????????3?????????

?????????????,??????3???????????????

????????,2018??,???????????3?????????????????????????,?????????????????????,??????????????????????2??????92.1%?????????????,2???????????56.5%,1??????????????33.2%?

????????,???“??”,???????????

?????????????????,2018????????OECD ???3??????? 33.8%??????????,2024???,????????????3??7.86%?

??????,??,?????????????

«2019??»(??“2019?????????????????”)?????????6??????????????15-49 ?????????????,?????????27.6%?????????????????????????? 2016 ??,??????????? 1/3 ??2024????????????????,????????????,??3???????????????????

?,?????

“??????????????????,??????????????”

????????????????,????????Papi????????????????,??1?????????????3?????????,??????????“???????????????”“?????????????????,??????????????????????”????????

?????????????2019???????????,????????????????????

??,??????????????,????????????????,????????????????????,??????????,?????

?????????,???????????????????,??????2019 ?,?????,??

???,??????2017?(?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)??0-3 ???????(??“??????”?????)??,?????????????,????12%?????????????????

????????????????????,??2019??????????,??????????,???0-3????????????????,???????2.2%??????????????

?????????????,??,???????????????,??????????,?????????????

??????2024???,2023?????????????????????,?????????????????????????89.5%,??(????)???1978???,???????????5500??????????,??????????????,?????????????,2023?????46.7%?

“(????)?,????????,”???????????????????????,?????????????,?????????????????????????????1??2????????????????,??????????

????2024??????12???????????????,??????????????????????????0??1?????????????,??????????????????????1-2??????????????1:3,??????2-3???????????????????????????1:4?

???????????????????????????????,?????????????????,??,???????,????????????????

?????????,???????????????????????????,?????2??????,?,??????,??????,???????????,???????

??

?????,????,?????

2022?CFPS????????????,10??????,??,???????????????

????????????,???????????????????2012?????????????2022??,?????????3?????????6%?????,???

?????,???,2022??????????3?58.7%?

??,???????????????????,?????

??:???????????????,????????????

?????2019????????????????????????????,????????????????????,?????3???????????????????????????????????“???????”?

???????????????,????????????,???

??,?,??????????????????,?????

?????20??????50?????????70??,??????,?????,1954???????,???????????????4003??????,2670?,??????????,???????????

???,1950???,??????????????,???

???,?????????????????????????????,1960???????70%,???

????,??????,1963????2975??????????????????????

???????,?????,1984???????

“????”???????????1955?,???????????????,?????????,????????,???????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????

?????????????????,??,?,??,??75%~85%,????????????????90%?

??????,?20?????????90????????

??????????? 20???????????????90???????,????????????,??????????????????????,????

???????,???,1981???????????,???20??????????????,????????????562????????????????,??????????????10.5??????????????????????2022????,????30?,????????????????????????1414??????????

??????????????21?????????,???? ???????,??????,???????????????????

?????????,??????????,?????????????

????????2015?????????????????,??“????????????”??????????????????,???????????????????????????2022??,?????????????????????? ,?????????????????,???????

????????????????????????,??“?”????????????,????????????“???????????????????????”??????,?????????,2021???????,??????????????????????????????“?????”,??300??? ??100?,?????300?????

??????,????,??“?????????”“?????????????????????????”??????????????????????“??????????????”?????,??

????????,????????,?????????????????,????????????,????????????,?????,??,???????????

??«?»????,?????????????????20?????????????,???????????,?????,??,?????????????????????????????????????“????????????????????????????????”????,?????????:“?????????????,??????”?(?????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????) ?????????:???????????

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