??????????

????:??????:????

2024??????,??,???????????????

2024?????????????????,?????“??????”???,?????,??????

????,?????????????????,?????????

????????

????????“????????????”,???

??????????????“????????????”,???????

2024??????,?????????????????,???????,??????????,????

????????,??????:????????????????30???????5???????,2024????????????150???????,????,???????????????????,????

?????????,?????????????,????,???????????,??????????????????????????????????????

?????????????,????,????,“???????????,???????,???????????,??,??????????????”

????????????????????

??:“????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????,??,???????”

????

??????,???????????

????????????????????????????????????????????????????,???,2024???????????,??,????????“?????????????????”??????????????????????????????

????????????,???????????;????????,??????;?,???????????,????????????,????????

???????,??????????,????????,????9???????????26????,???,???????????????????????????,????????????????????????,??????????????????

?????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

“??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??”?,???????????

???????????????12?????????????“????????”,????????????,????????????????????????,????????????,????????,???????

???????1???,??????,??????????;???,???????????????;???????,????????????

??????;?????????;????????……???,?????

????????????????“???????”?????????????,?????,???????????????

??????????????????????????????,???????????

12???????????9??????????,?“????????”,?“??????????”??????????

“?????????????????,???????????????????????”

????2024?,???“?????”??

“????,?????????????????????????????????????,??????,????????,??????????‘?????????’???????????????????????????????????????????”

?????????

??

?,?,?????

??,????????“??”??“???????????”,17???????????????,9?????,??10??,??????????(PMI)????,11??,?????????,???????????,?????????????????

“?????????????”????,????????????????????????????,?????????????????????????????,??????“0”??????“1”??,???????878?????,???,???????????

????????????,????,?????????????“??????????????”????????????????,???????????

?,???????12??????????????9??????????????,????,“???????????”,???

????????????????????????????????????????????“????”?

“?????????????????”?

??,?????????,?????

??????

2024????????????,??????????????

???7????,?????????????????,?,???????????????????????

????????,?????????????,????,????,????????????????????????????,?????????,???……

????:???,???????,?????????,????????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????……??????,??????????,????,????????????????

12???????????????????9??,2025?,???,????????????????????????,??????,????“????????????”???,????????????“???”????

????,?????????????????,?????????,???,???????,???????????????????????

??????,?????????

“???,???”

(???????????????????? ?????????? ? ???? ??????????????????? ??)

??:???????????