????:1???????:???????????

2????600??????

3??????????????

4??????

5???????

?1???????????23?????????????????????? (????????????????? ??)??????????23??,2024?????(R&D)?????3.6??????????(??????,???),??????????R&D?(R&D??GDP?????)???

???,2024??????????,?????R&D??????36130?,????8.3%,????????????????

?,2024?????????????????,?????R&D??????????2.68%,??????????0.1???????,???R&D???????12???,??(2.11%),?????(OECD)??????(2.73%)?

?????,??????2024????,????????2497???????,??????10.5%,?R&D?2.2??;??R&D?????6.91%,???0.14??,?????

?????????????,???,?,??,???????????????????????????????????????,2024????????????R&D??????,???,?????(?????????????????) ??????:????