????:1???????:??????

2???????

3????????

4??????

5?????v

?????????????12??3???????? (???? ?????????????)“???????,???????”??,??41???????????????(?)?,???????????

???????41???????(??)?????????????????????? ????

???????,???????????,????1983??????????3???????????????20???,?????3??,?????????,??????????????????

????????,?????????????????????,??????????,?????????

“??,????????,????????”?,???,???2010????????

????????????(??)???????? ?

41????????,??,????????2021??????,??????,?DNA??

?11?,?????????????????????,??,?????????????,??????????????????????????????,???????????????????DNA??

????????????,????????????,???DNA?????????????,?????????,????????????????????

????????????41???????? ???????????????

?????,??????????,???,???????,??????????????????

????????????????,???,????????“??,???????,?????????”????????????(???)

??:????????????????????????