2024?????????????3.6???

?1?????23?????? (????? ??????)??????????23??????????,2024?????(R&D)??????3.6?(??????,?????),????????R&D??????(R&D???GDP?????)??

????????,2024?????????????????,????R&D??36130????????????,?????????????????8.3%,?????

?,2024??,???R&D?????2.68%,??0.1????????????????,??????????R&D??12?????,?(2.11%),??????????(OECD)??(2.73%)?

????,????2024???????,??2497?????,????10.5%,?????R&D???2.2?????????????????;???????????R&D?????????????????6.91%,???0.14??,????????????????

?????,????,??????????,?????,?????????????????????????????????????,2024??????R&D?,???????,???????(?) ??:????