??????????????????????2025???????,???????????????????????????????????????,???????????????90???

????1980????????,“???”?????2023???1????18??????????,?????????,?????????????????

??,?????????????????,?????“??”,??????????????????????????????????

????????,??????????????“?????????????????”?????????????,??????????????,?????,???????????,?????????

???

2023??????????????9???25????,???,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????“????????????”?????????

???????????,??????????“????????????????”????????????????,?????????

??????

“???????????????,??”????

?????70????,?????

???????????????????1977?????????????1978???????,???,?????????????????????????,??????????????“???????”,???????????????????????,??????????

????????????,?,???,???,??????????,??,????????100??????;??1991?????,??500????????????????????;?????????2017???,?????????????4700????????????????????????????

???????

?,????????????,????????????????????????????,??????????????????

????,???????????????????????????????????????,?????,???????

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????“???????”?????????,????????????????????,????????????????,???,??????????

??????????????????????????

“???????,????????????????100%???3????4??????????,????????????,??????????,???????????”?????????????40???????????,????,??????????,??????????????????????????????????????????????????

???????,???????,??????????????

????????

???????????????1997??,???????????????????????????10?????????,??????????6????????,???,????????,????????

?,??????,?????????????,?????,??,???????????????

2004???,???????????????????????,?????????“??”????????2008???????????8?????????????????1????,???????????350????????

????,?????????????????,?,????????????????,??,?????????????????????????????????????????????,??????,??????????????

????2024??????????12????29???????????9???????????30???????????,????????,??????400?????????????CR450???????????,“???????????????”“??????”??????,?????????????,????????????????“CR450????????”????

??????????????????????????????,????????????????????2024????????????12????????????26??????????????,????????????????????,????????????,????“??????”??????????????,???????5G??????????????BIM???,??????????????????,??????????,???????????,?????“?????????????‘??????????’???????????????????????????,???????????”

???????2017???2??25?10?33?,G65????????,??????,????????????????????????????????????????????????6??????????25???,??????????????“?????????????”?“?”?,?????????????????????????????“??”??,?????????????????

?????????????,????,?????????

??,?????????????????,???????????“????????”???????????????????,?????

2024?????????1????26??????,??????C919??111??????????????????????,?????????????;2024????????????,?????4500?????????????“????????????????????”,???……

????????,?????????,????????,2013???????????????2023????????????,??????????8.1%?????????,????????????10.1%,????7.3%,?????????????4.3%,????????????????3.2%,???????????,?????????1000????,???????????

????????,??????????????????????????????,????????????????“1+1>2”???????,???

??????????????,2024?????????«?»,?,????????????????????,?????,?????????????????

???????

2021?????10???14????,????????,?,???????????????????????????????????????????????????

???,????,??,????????????,???????????????????????????

“????????,?,?????????????,????????????,??????????,???????????????????”????????????????????????????

?????????????????,???

1?????????14????????????,?????,??????,???????????“??”,??,???????????,???????????????

“?????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????????????????”????????,??????????????,??????????????“???????????????????”???????????????????????????,????????,?????????,????????????????,????,???????

??????,?????????

?????????????,?????????????????????11???????????????,??????????,?????????,?????,???????,???????????????,?????????,???????????

?????????:???????A3?????????,???????30????????15???????;???????,????,??????;???????,????????????????????,????????;?????????????,???????????????????“????????????????????”?????,???

??????????????????????,?????????????????????

???????,????????????,??,??????????,?????

?????????,?,???????????????????????????????,?????????????????????,???“???????????????????????????????”,???????????????

??,????????????,??????????????????“e????????”?????,????????????

??,??????????????????,????“???????,?????????????????????10??,????”?30??“???????”???????????

?????????????,????12306????,?????

1996????,??????????????,??????????2019?????6????18??????,???????,??????????????????,???????????????

???????,????????????????,?,?,???????????……??????????,??????????????????????????,2024?,??????12306????????2000?????,??????????60??????

?????????12306?28???????????????????????,?????????????????“??,???????????????????12306???1???1000???????????,?????????????????????????‘????’?”???????

??????????,??????12306?7????????????????,?????????????????,??????????????,?????????

??????????12306???????????,??????????????,?????,??,????????????????,??????????????,?????????????????

????????

2025?1???????14???????????????????,???2??22?????????????,??????????40?????????????,????90????,???????????????7%,????????

?????????????????,???

“??,????……”2025??,??????????43????,??????????????????,???????,??“?”????“???”???????????????,???????????,??????????????,????????,“??????????”?

???????????????

???????????

????????????????,????????????????,???????????

??????????????????????,???????????????????????????????,????,????????????,??,?????????4??2023???????????“?????????????????”“????????”,2024?“??????????”“????”??4????????????????????????????????????????????,2024????10??????????????1??????????????????,?2144.8??,?????????????????

?????????,???????????,???,??????????????????,1981?1?????????????????????????????;1984??????,???????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????5??????????;2014?36??,???????????????????,??,?????????2015??????????????????2019?????????????????,???????29???????????30???;2020???2023????????????,???????????????????,????????????????;2024????????,?????84.2?????????,???????,????????17????,?????

??

????????,?????????????????????????????

????,????????????????????,??????2024?????????????????????????????????,??????????15.5???????????

?????,2025???????,??????????????????90????????,????????????,??72?????????????,????,????

????????????????????????,???2023??????????????,???????????????????????????,??????“??”??????,?????;2024?????????????,?,??????

??

???????????????????????????,??,??????????????????2025???,?????????????????????????????????,?????

???,?????????????????????????????,?????????????????,??,??????????,????“???”??2015??????????????????,??????????????????2024???????????,?????????????????3140?????,????8.9%?

???,??????????????????,????????????120????????????,?????????????????600????????800????????,????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????

??????????,??????????????,?????????????,?,??

????????,???????????????,2024????????7??????????20.03???????????,?????????????2.86????;????????2024?????????8????????????,???22.93???,????????????2.87??????????,??????2024???10???????????????????????1???????????????3.31?????,????????2024?????????????????????2???15???????(???)??????????3.15?????????????????,?6??3???????,??5??????????????????3??????

????????,???????????,????????????????????????2015????????????????,??????10??3000????????????2024??,??4.53????,????96???????????????????????,?????,????????,?????????????????

?

“????????????????,???????????????????????????????,?,??????”?????????????????

?,???,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????

????????????,?,?????,????,???????,?????????????????????,??,???????,??????????????,???????,???,?,???????????????,????

???,???????????????????????

?????????????????????????

?????????,?????,????????????,??????????????????,??????,?????????????????????????????????,??

???????????????,??????????????????????????????????????,??????“?????????????”?16.2?,????4.8??,?????????;??????????,1988??????,????,??,?19???????????????,???????;???,1993?????,???????????????,?????????,??????????????;???????,???????6.7????????????????;??“6?????????7????????8???????????????”??????26??????????,????????90%?

2024??,?????????????????600???????,??,?????????,?????????????????????????,??????????????????????????????5.1??????????9000???????????,????????????

?????

???????,?,???????,??????????????????????,??????????,?????????????????,????

“????????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????,??,?????????????????,????????”??

????????????????????????????????????????,????????90?????????,????????????,?????,??????????,?????????????????,??

?????????????????????????,?????????,????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????

????,???,??

????

2020???????????1????16????????,??6065??????????,??????????????????????????7????????,????????????5????????,???????????????????,???????????????????????????“?,???????????????,??????”?????????,????????????????

????????????,????????,???????????,??????????????,?????????????,?????

??????????????,?????????,??1992????,???21??????2010????????????,????172???????????2011????????????????????,??????164????????????????????,???????????????,2016???????147???

?

“??????????,??????????”,????,?,?????????????,????????????

“?????????????????????????”??????????????????????????,??????,?????,????????????:???,????????????????

?????????????????????????????,???????????“??????”“?”???,??,??????????????????

???????,??????????????????????????,??????????

?

2024????????,?????????????????,??????????,??????????????????????????,????,????????,??????????????

???????,???,?????????????????,?????????1978??????????171???2012?16510????????????????,????????2024????41314???????????????????,???????????,??????????,????????????????????????……????????,????????

??????????????????,??

???????????21????81???“???????????”,????,??2???,???;

??????????????????????????????????????????????????,??,???????;

????????????????,???????????????????????????????????,????????????,????????……

???????????????????????,???????,?????????????????,?????????????????????????????????????,????,????????????? (???????????? ???????? ? ??????????????) ????????????:?????????????????

??

??:???????????,??????????,??????????????