????:1????????????:??????????

2?????????

3??????

4?????????

5???????????

????????????12????????24???(??)“?????????????????????‘??’????????????????,”?12????????24?,?????????????,“???????,????‘??’???”

???????????,?????????,???“????”,??????“????????”??????????????????

??????????????????:???????????

????????,???????????????,???????????

?????,?????????“??????????????????”???????????,????????????????“??????????????????”?????????????????

?,?????“????????????????”??????????1.4??????????????????,????????????????

??,2023????????????,????????,???????????????????75%???

???????????????,????????“?”,???????

??,“?????????,????????????,?????”

?????????????????,???????????????????,?????????,????,??????????????

????????,“??(???)???‘???’,???????????????‘?’,?????????????‘??’????????????????,?????????????????‘????????’?”

????????,“??????‘?????’,???”

?????????・????????«?»??????“???”:“???,?,???????,?????,?????????”

?????????,???,???????????????????

?,?1501???1821?,??

1903??,???????“????????”????,????????«??????»,???????????????1000????????????????9????25??????????,?????????“?????????????????????”???

1914????,??????????????1977????,????«??»,?????«????????-?????????»,???????????????????,??????,???????????????????????????1979??10?????1??

1989????????,??????

???,????5600????????????????????????????,????????????

1999??12??????31???,?????????,????

2016?????????????????6?????????,????,???

????????:??????????

???????,????????????,???????????????????,?????????,?????????????????????????????

???????????110??????????????,???????????,?“???????”,???????????????????????,??,???????????,?????

?????,?????5%???????,???????,????????

?????12?23????????,??,?????????????????????????????,????????????(??)

?????:????????????