????:1??????????????:??????wx

2????????

3????????????

4?????qq?

5??????????

?????????????????11?????23? ??:?????“???????”????

????????????????

??????? ? ? ?????????

“???????????”?11?????18????20?????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker)?????“???????????????”????????????,???,“??????????”????,??,??????,???“???????????”,???,???????????????

???????????????:

?????????????:???

??????????????????????????????:20????70????????,?????,???,?????????????????????????,????????????????????,??????????,???“??????????”?

???????(Thomas Berry),?“???????????????”??“?”??????????????????,???????????????????????(William Theodore de Bary)??????????,???????????????????????(Carlton Hayes)????????

2024?11???20???????,“???????????”????????????????????????????????????????????????????(??)????? ??????? ?

?????:???“??”??????????????????,??

?????????????????????????????????:??“?”“??????????”“????”?????????????,“????”???????????,??????????“???,?????????;?????????????,??????????????????”,??“??”?????????????????????????

“?”?????????,???????????“?”,???“???”?,?????,??,??????????????????,??“?????”??????“??????”??????????“?”???????????,????,???????“???”???

??,???????????????,???????????????? ?????????????? ?????

?????:??“??”“??????????”“???????????????”?????????????????,??

?????????:??????????,????????“?????”,??“??????”,???“?????????????????????”???????????“??????????????”???????????

????,???????,???????????????,????,??“????????????????”?????,????????,???????,???

????????:?????????????????

???????:??,???,?????????????????????????????????……???????????????????,????????????????????????????“?????????”????????

70????????????????????«?????????????????????»????,??????,???????????????????“???????????????”?????«?»,?????????????????????????????????,??????????????,????????????????,???????????????????,?????????????,?????????,??????????

????????????????:?????????????

?????????????:?,??,??????????????,????????????????,???????????????????,????,????,?????,????,?????????????????????

????????,?????????,????????????????????“????”?,???????“??”???,????????????????????????????????,??????????,?????????????????????

2016???????,?????????????????,??112????????? ????????? ???

??????,??????????,?????“??”???????????,????,????????????????,?????????????,??????????“??”,?????(???)

?:

???????????????????????? ??????????? ??

?????????????????????????????(Mary Evelyn Tucker),??,?????????????1997?????,??????????????????«??»«??????????????????»???«???????????»?

??????????????:??????