????:1???????????:????

2???????

3????????

4??????

5??????????????

???????? ????????

??????????????????“??????????”??????????,«????»?????,“??????”??????????????,??,??????,???????????“??”?

????????????????,??,???????“????????????”?????????????,?????????“????”????,???????????????????????????????“????????????????????????”????????????,?????????????????????????????????,???????????????????“??????”,??“???”???,??????,?????????????“?????????????????????????”?

????????,??????“??”,????“????????”???????????“??”?????,???,“????”??????“????????”?????,?,??“??”?????????????????????????,?????????,???????????????????????“???????????????”?????

???,?????????,????????“????????????????????”??????????????????????????7????????????????????,?????????,“?”????25??,??,?????????“????”?????????????(FBI)????(CISA)??????(NSA)?????????,“??????‘?????????’(Volt Typhoon)”????,???“????????”???????

???????????????????????,??,???,?????????,????“???”???2013???“?????????”??,??????,???????,?????2021????????????????????????,????????????(DR)??????????9????,2012????2014????,??????(NSA)??????????????????????????????,???,?????????????????????????????2023?????????????????????????????????1???4?,???,?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????,????,????“????”????????????“???????”???,?????????????????????????????????????,???????????1978?«????????????????»?????,??????702??,????????????“?????????????????”??????,??????????

?,??????????????,????,??????????????“?????????”“??????????”??????????????????,???????????“???”??,??,????“?????”??????????,????????????????????(???????) ?????:??????????