??????????????

??

??2025????2???????21??????,?«??????»??????“Base-modified nucleotides mediate immune signaling in bacteria(????)”???????(???????????)?????????????????,??????“?????????????”(Kongming),???????????“?”??,?????????????????????

?????????????,?????????????????????????????????????????????????,??“?”???????????1950????(?????????????????cAMP?cGMP)???,?????????????????????????????,???????????????????????????????,??????,?????,??KomA(????A)?KomB(??B)?KomC(????????????????????C)??????????,??????????(DNK)????????????“???????????”:KomA??DNK??????????????????,??(dAMP)??dITP???????KomC?????????????????NAD⁺,???????“????????????????????????????”????????????????,?,??????????????????“??”?,?????????“?????”???????,???

???,“???????”?????????,????(?????????????????????KomB-KomC??KomA)????????,????dITP????:????????????,??????(???????????????ADA????????????????)?????????,????

(??????????????????????? ?? ????) ??:???????

?????????

????????????????????????

????????